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アザアレンと非対称フォトレドックスミニシ反応におけるラセミックラジカルの運動解像度

  • 0Pingyuan Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China.

まとめ

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Racemic Mixtures and the Resolution of Enantiomers 02:30

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A racemic mixture, or racemate, is an equimolar mixture of enantiomers of a molecule that can be separated using their unique interaction with chiral molecules or media. Racemic mixtures are denoted by the (±)- prefix. This ‘optical rotation descriptor’ applies to the whole solution of a racemic mixture rather than a specific stereoisomer. Enantiomers typically have the same physical and chemical properties. Hence, they are not easily separable. However, enantiomers can exhibit...

Radical Halogenation: Stereochemistry 01:33

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Stereochemistry is the study of the different spatial arrangements of atoms in a given molecule. The stereochemistry of radical halogenations can be understood from three different situations:
Halogenation to form a new chiral center:

For example, radical halogenation of butane forms the products 2-chlorobutane and 1-chlorobutane, where the former has a chiral center. However, 2-chlorobutane is obtained as a racemic mixture due to the trigonal planar structure of the formed radical...

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This lesson provides an in-depth discussion of the stereochemical outcomes in an SN1 reaction.
In the first step of an SN1 reaction, the bond between the electrophilic carbon and the leaving group ionizes to generate the carbocation intermediate. The second step of the mechanism is the nucleophilic attack.
In the formed carbocation, the positively charged carbon is sp2 hybridized with a trigonal planar geometry. As all the three substituents lie on the same plane, a plane of symmetry for the...

Stereochemical Effects of Enolization 01:12

2.0K

The chiral α-carbon of the carbonyl compound is the stereocenter of the molecule. As shown in the figure below, when such a carbonyl compound undergoes racemization under an acidic or basic condition, an achiral enol is formed.

Under an acidic medium, an oxygen atom of the carbonyl group is protonated with simultaneous removal of the α-hydrogen, giving an enol.
Alternatively, in the basic medium, the removal of α-hydrogen generates a resonance-stabilized enolate. Next, the...

Radical Reactivity: Intramolecular vs Intermolecular 01:33

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Radical reactions can occur either intermolecularly or intramolecularly. In an intermolecular radical reaction, a nucleophilic radical adds to an electrophilic alkene or vice versa. In such reactions, the radical and generally the alkene, which is also called the radical trap, are two different molecules. Additionally, for such intermolecular reactions to occur, the radical trap must be active, present in an excess concentration, and the radical starting material must have a weak...

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility 01:34

3.0K

Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...