関連する実験動画
Updated: May 16, 2025

10:36
Probiotic Studies in Neonatal Mice Using Gavage
Published on: January 27, 2019
18.3K
バイフィドバクテリアは,乳児の最適なワクチン反応をサポートします
Feargal J Ryan1,2, Michelle Clarke3,4,5, Miriam A Lynn1,2
1Precision Medicine, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Nature
|April 2, 2025
まとめ
新生児の抗生物質への曝露は,腸内微生物群を変化させることで,乳児のワクチン反応を損なう. マウスにおけるBifidobacterium種の回復はワクチン免疫を向上させ,微生物群を標的とした介入が有益である可能性を示唆した.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 微生物学
- 新生児の健康
背景:
- 早期の抗生物質投与はワクチンの有効性の低下と関連しています.
- 免疫反応の低下の根本的なメカニズムは十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 乳児の免疫反応に対する早期の抗生物質被曝の影響を調査する.
- これらの効果を媒介する腸内微生物の役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- 誕生から15ヶ月までの191人の赤ちゃんの追跡調査
- 抗体定位と転写プロファイリングを含むシステムワクチン学的アプローチ.
- 腸内微生物の組成を分析する 便のメタゲノミクス
主要な成果:
- 新生児の抗生物質被曝は,肺炎球菌とHib/ ディフテリア抗原に対する抗体タイトルの低下と関連していました.
- 新生児用抗生物質に曝された乳児は,ワクチン接種前に炎症性転写プロファイルを示し,Bifidobacteriumの豊富性が減少しました.
- ワクチンの抗体タイトルの低下と相関するBifidobacteriumの減少
- 臨床前モデルでは,微生物群に依存したワクチンの反応が示され,Bifidobacterium種では回復可能であった.
結論:
- 早期の抗生物質曝露は,微生物群の変化によってワクチンの免疫性に影響します.
- 例えばBifidobacteriumの種をターゲットにすることで,ワクチンの反応が回復する可能性があります.
- 微生物群を標的とした介入は,抗生物質によるワクチン反応の低下を緩和する見込みを示しています.
関連する概念動画
Development of Immunocompetence
271
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
271
Vaccinations
43.1K
Overview
43.1K
Defense Mechanism Against Infection
5.7K
Natural flora, body system defenses, and inflammation are natural barriers of the body against infectious agents regardless of previous exposure. Normal floras of the human body refer to the microbial population that colonizes the skin and mucous membranes.
In addition, many body organ systems have unique defenses against infection. The skin is an intact, multilayered surface preventing invasion by microorganisms unless impaired. Mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, and eyelids are barriers...
In addition, many body organ systems have unique defenses against infection. The skin is an intact, multilayered surface preventing invasion by microorganisms unless impaired. Mucous membranes lining the mouth, nose, and eyelids are barriers...
5.7K
Anatomy of the Intestines
70.8K
Although digestion of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids may begin in the stomach, it is completed in the intestine. The absorption of nutrients, water, and electrolytes from food and drink also occurs in the intestine. The intestines can be divided into two structurally distinct organs—the small and large intestines.
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
Small Intestines
The small intestine is an ~7 meter-long tube with an inner diameter of just 2.5 cm. Since most nutrients are absorbed here, the inner lining of the...
70.8K
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens
1.4K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
1.4K
Active versus Passive Immunity
479
Immunity, along with the ability to limit pathogen growth to prevent significant body tissue damage, can be gained either by (1) actively developing an immune response within the individual after exposure to a pathogen or after getting vaccinated or (2) passively transferring immune components from an immune individual to one who is nonimmune. Both these forms of immunity can be found naturally and in medical practices.
Active Immunity
Active immunity refers to the resistance one develops...
Active Immunity
Active immunity refers to the resistance one develops...
479

