狩猟 採集 の 航海 が 地中海 の 最も 遠い 島々 まで 拡大 さ れ た
Eleanor M L Scerri1,2,3, James Blinkhorn4,5, Huw S Groucutt6,7
1Human Palaeosystems Group, Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology, Jena, Germany. scerri@gea.mpg.de.
Nature
|April 9, 2025
まとめ
ホロセンの狩猟採集者は 約8,500年前に 遠く離れたマルタ諸島に到着し 地中海で最も長い史前海を渡りました 彼らは島での存在を維持するために,海洋生物や鳥類を含む多様な資源を活用しました.
科学分野:
- 考古学
- 古代生態学
- 島の研究
背景:
- 小規模で孤立した島は,資源の制限と航海上の課題のために,伝統的に新石器時代以前の住民にはアクセスできないと考えられていた.
- 支配的な見解では,このような島々での人間の居住は,約7.5千年前,新石器時代から始まったと考えられている.
研究 の 目的:
- 新石器時代より前のマルタ諸島における初期の人類の存在を調査する.
- 狩猟採集の証拠と 地中海の遠隔の島々での 生計戦略を記録する
主な方法:
- 年代測定データ,考古学的発見,動物遺跡,植物学的証拠の分析.
- ホロセンの時代の古地理的条件と海面の再構築.
- 現代の陸地構成に基づいた航海距離の評価
主要な成果:
- マルタ諸島にホロセンの狩猟採集者がいた証拠があり,約8.5カ~7.5カ年の歴史がある.
- これらの初期の住民は,シチリアから約100kmの海を渡った.
- 生存戦略には,陸上の動物,海洋資源,鳥類の搾取が含まれていました.
結論:
- この発見は,新石器時代より少なくとも1,000年前にマルタ諸島に人類が存在した時期を遡ります.
- この研究では 地中海における 狩猟採集者の航海が 最も長く記録されており 古代の海上能力に関する 過去の仮定に 異議を唱えています
- 狩猟採集者の成功は 彼らの独創性を強調し 以前は認識されなかった 初期の地域関係の可能性を示唆しています
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