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関連する概念動画

Eukaryotic Compartmentalization01:37

Eukaryotic Compartmentalization

10.4K
One of the distinguishing features of eukaryotic cells is that they contain membrane-bound organelles, such as the nucleus and mitochondria, that carry out specialized functions. Since biological membranes are only selectively permeable to solutes, they help create a compartment with controlled conditions inside an organelle. These microenvironments are tailored to the organelle's specific functions and help isolate them from the surrounding cytosol.
For example, lysosomes in the animal...
10.4K
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

2.3K
Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
2.3K
Nuclear Protein Sorting01:34

Nuclear Protein Sorting

4.5K
Nuclear protein sorting is the selective trafficking of histones, polymerases, gene regulatory proteins into the nucleus and exporting RNAs and ribosomes to the cytosol. It is a tightly controlled process that regulates gene expression within a cell.
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry nuclear localization signals or NLS recognized by import receptors in the cytosol. Similarly, proteins with nuclear export signals are recognized by export receptors. Import and export receptors are...
4.5K
Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

4.6K
The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles,...
4.6K
Nuclear Localization Signals and Import01:46

Nuclear Localization Signals and Import

5.5K
Proteins targeted to the nucleus carry short stretches of amino acid sequences called the nuclear localization signal or NLS. Classical nuclear localization signals are of two types: monopartite and bipartite NLS. Monopartite classical NLS (cNLS) consists of a single cluster of 4-8 amino acids. Bipartite cNLS consists of two clusters of  2-3 amino acids and a 9-12 residue long proline-rich linker bridging the two clusters. Signal clusters are rich in positively charged amino acids such as...
5.5K
The Nucleus01:32

The Nucleus

89.3K
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
89.3K

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Isolation of Nuclei from Flash-Frozen Liver Tissue for Single-Cell Multiomics
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Isolation of Nuclei from Flash-Frozen Liver Tissue for Single-Cell Multiomics

Published on: December 9, 2022

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空間的マルチオミクスは,細胞型特有の核区画を明らかにする.

Yodai Takei1, Yujing Yang2, Jonathan White2

  • 1Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA. ytakei@caltech.edu.

Nature
|April 9, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

この研究では,単細胞のゲノムロキューム,トランスクリプトーム,核構造をマッピングするための2層のDNA seqFISH+を導入しています. マウスの小脳における細胞特異的な染色体組織と遺伝子調節を明らかにした.

さらに関連する動画

Author Spotlight: Advancing Biomedical Research Through Single Cell Analysis
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Author Spotlight: Nuclei Isolation from Mouse Cardiac Progenitor Cells for Epigenome and Gene Expression Profiling at Single-Cell Resolution
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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 23, 2025

Isolation of Nuclei from Flash-Frozen Liver Tissue for Single-Cell Multiomics
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Biomedical Research Through Single Cell Analysis
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Author Spotlight: Advancing Biomedical Research Through Single Cell Analysis

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Author Spotlight: Nuclei Isolation from Mouse Cardiac Progenitor Cells for Epigenome and Gene Expression Profiling at Single-Cell Resolution
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Author Spotlight: Nuclei Isolation from Mouse Cardiac Progenitor Cells for Epigenome and Gene Expression Profiling at Single-Cell Resolution

Published on: May 12, 2023

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科学分野:

  • 細胞生物学
  • ゲノミクス
  • エピジェネティクス

背景:

  • 哺乳類の核には,遺伝子調節とゲノム組織に影響を与える多様な細胞特有の亜核構造が含まれています.
  • これらの構造を理解するには,複雑な組織内の単細胞での分子成分,ゲノム関連,および転写効果のマッピングが必要です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 単細胞におけるゲノムロシ,新生トランスクリプトーム,および亜核構造の同時マッピングのための新しい高解像度マルチオミックスの方法の開発および適用.
  • 細胞型特異的なクロマチン組織,遺伝子調節,複雑な組織における亜核構造の役割を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 100,049のゲノムロシ, 17,856の遺伝子の新生トランスクリプトーム,および単細胞の亜核構造の同時マッピングのための2層DNAseqFISH+の開発.
  • 成人マウスの小脳マルチオミクスデータセットへの方法の適用
  • 100~200キロベースから~1メガベースまでのゲノムスケールでのイメージングベースのクロマチンプロファイリングデータの分析.

主要な成果:

  • 抑制性クロマチンの領域は,ゲノム全体で活性領域よりも大きな細胞タイプの多様性を表しています.
  • RNAポリメラーゼIIの焦点は,核の斑点とは異なる細胞型特異の長い遺伝子と関連している.
  • 細胞型特異的ヘテロクロマチン (H3K27me3,H4K20me3) は,遺伝子/クラスターで濃縮され,神経細胞と膠質細胞の染色体位置と相互作用に影響を与えます.

結論:

  • 2層のDNAseqFISH+は,亜核構造とそれらのゲノム関連性の単細胞,高解像度のマルチオミクスビューを提供します.
  • この発見は,複合組織内の遺伝子調節と3Dゲノム組織に対する亜核構造の影響を洞察する.