アフリカの子どもたちを極端なリスクから守る: PEPFARプログラムの持続可能性の滑走路
Lucie Cluver1, Gibstar Makangila2, Susan Hillis3
1Centre for Evidence-Based Social Intervention, Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK; Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Lancet (London, England)
|April 11, 2025
まとめ
エイズ救済のための大統領緊急計画 (PEPFAR) は,何百万もの命を救い,脆弱な子供たちを保護してきました. 継続的な投資と5年間の移行計画により 全世界の家庭でエイズの撲滅が実現できます
科学分野:
- 世界保健政策
- HIV/エイズの予防と治療
- 国際開発
背景:
- PEPFAR (エイズ救済のための大統領緊急計画) は,HIVから2600万人の命を救ったと認められる米国外保健イニシアティブです.
- サハラ以南のアフリカでは,7,800万人のHIV感染のない出産を防止し,1300万人の孤児や弱小児を支援し,1030万人の少女を性的虐待から保護することが,子どもたちの健康に大きく影響しています.
研究 の 目的:
- HIV/AIDSの予防,ケア,治療,特にサハラ以南のアフリカの子どもたちに対するPEPFARの影響を検討する.
- アメリカとアフリカの経済的,安全保障上の利点を含む,付随利益の評価.
- 2030年までに国家主導のHIV対策の持続可能性への移行の可能性を評価する.
主な方法:
- UNAIDS,ユニセフ,世界銀行,その他の世界保健機関からのデータ分析
- PEPFARの報告書と経済分析のまとめ
- 詳細なインタビューと プログラムの有効性に関するPubMed検索
主要な成果:
- PEPFARは,アフリカへの米国の輸出を4倍に増やし,貿易を大幅に増加させました.
- PEPFARが支援する国は,保健システムへの共同資金提供額を137億米ドル (2004年) から4260億米ドル (2021年) に増加させた.
- イノベーションのモデルと高いROIは5年間の国主導の持続可能性への移行を支えています.
結論:
- 継続的なPEPFAR認可と5年間の移行は 子供と家族にとってエイズの終焉につながります
- 共同資金と民間投資を加速する変革のパートナーシップは,持続可能性にとって極めて重要です.
- PEPFARがなければ,予測では2030年までに何百万人ものHIV感染者,エイズによる死亡者,そして孤児となる子供たちが増加するだろう.
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