PRDM16依存性抗原呈現細胞は,腸内抗原に対する耐性を誘発する
Liuhui Fu1, Rabi Upadhyay1,2, Maria Pokrovskii1,3
1Department of Cell Biology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Nature
|April 14, 2025
まとめ
研究者らは,口腔の耐性にとって重要な新しいタイプの免疫細胞,PRDM16+RORγt+耐性デンドリート細胞 (tolDCs) を特定した. これらの細胞は食物や微生物に対する 炎症反応を防ぐことで アレルギーや自己免疫疾患の 治療対象となる可能性があります
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 胃腸内科
背景:
- 胃腸は食物と微生物の抗原に 絶えず曝されていて 強力な免疫調節が必要です
- 周辺誘発型T調節細胞 (pTreg) は,これらの抗原に対する炎症反応の制御に不可欠である.
- RORγt+抗原を提示する細胞 (APC) は,微生物群特異のpTreg細胞を誘発することが知られているが,食物耐性に対する責任のあるAPCは未確認のままである.
研究 の 目的:
- 食品と微生物群に特異的なpTreg細胞を誘導する特定のAPCサブセットを特定する.
- これらのAPCの発達と機能を制御する分子メカニズムを解明する.
- これらのAPCの経口耐性の確立における役割と,アレルギー性および自己免疫性疾患における潜在的な影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- 遺伝子発現分析,クロマチンのアクセシビリティアッセイ,およびAPC特性を定義するための表面マーカープロフィール.
- 免疫反応に対するAPCの機能的影響を評価するために,マウスモデルでの遺伝的混乱の研究.
- 保存された細胞集団を特定するために,ヒトの組織 (メセンテリックリンパ節,腸,桃体) の単細胞転写解析.
主要な成果:
- pTreg細胞の分化に不可欠なPRDM16+RORγt+耐性デンドリート細胞 (tolDCs) と呼ばれる新しいAPCサブセットの識別.
- tolDCの開発にはPRDM16とRORγtの表現が必要であることを示す.
- tolDCsの乱れは,pTreg細胞の代わりにTヘルパー2細胞の増加をもたらし,口服での耐性を損ない,アレルギーモデルを悪化させた.
- ヒトの組織に似た tolDC 集団を特定し,進化的保存を示唆した.
結論:
- PRDM16+RORγt+tolDCsは,食品および微生物抗原に特異的なpTreg細胞を誘導することによって,経口耐性の重要な調節剤である.
- トルDCの機能障害は食物アレルギーや喘息などの炎症を引き起こす可能性があります.
- これらの発見は,自己免疫性およびアレルギー性疾患の管理のための新しい治療法を提供し,潜在的に移植耐性を高めます.
さらに関連する動画
09:25Isolation and Characterization of Dendritic Cells and Macrophages from the Mouse Intestine
Published on: May 21, 2012
39.0K
11:34A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes
Published on: April 11, 2025
167
関連する概念動画
Special Features of Adaptive Immunity
707
The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
707
Antigen Presenting Cells
1.6K
The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
1.6K
Cell-mediated Immune Responses
66.6K
Overview
66.6K
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity
434
An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
Complete Antigens
Complete antigens possess both immunogenicity and...
434
Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells
2.5K
The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
2.5K
