負の熱膨張と酸素-リドックス電気化学
Bao Qiu1,2, Yuhuan Zhou1, Haoyan Liang1
1Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering (NIMTE), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Ningbo, China.
Nature
|April 16, 2025
まとめ
酸素還元 (OR) 活性物質は,乱れ-秩序の移行により負の熱膨張を示します. 電気化学的方法により 構造の整合性を回復し 電圧の崩壊を防ぐことができます
科学分野:
- 材料科学
- 電気化学
- 固体物理学
背景:
- 材料の構造的障害は熱力学および電気化学的性質に影響します.
- 酸素・レドックス (OR) 電気化学は容量を高めますが,逆転性を低下させ,障害を引き起こす可能性があります.
- 従来の熱膨張モデル (グルニエーゼンの関係) は,ダイナミックな乱れ-順序の移行により,OR材料に適用できない場合があります.
研究 の 目的:
- OR活性物質の熱膨張行動を調査する.
- 混乱-秩序の移行と熱膨張の間のリンクを探求する.
- 調節可能な熱膨張,ゼロ熱膨張を含む材料を設計するための枠組みを確立する.
主な方法:
- OR活性物質の実験的特徴付け
- 熱膨張係数の分析
- 構造的障害を誘発し逆転させる 電気化学のサイクル
- 材料の復元のための電気化学的プロセスを操作する.
主要な成果:
- OR材料における有意な負の熱膨張 (-14.4(2) × 10−6 °C−1) の発見は,熱的に駆動された乱れ-秩序の移行に起因する.
- 熱膨張を正確に制御していることを示しています.
- 電気化学的な駆動力による構造的障害の回復に成功し, 切断電圧の調整によってほぼ100%の構造回復を達成しました.
結論:
- 熱的に駆動された乱れ-秩序の移行は,OR材料の負の熱膨張に責任があります.
- ORの動作に対する電気化学的制御は,熱膨張の正確な調整を可能にします.
- オペラント電気化学プロセスは,OR活性材料を回復させ,電圧の衰えを軽減し,材料の長寿への道を提供することができます.
関連する概念動画
Redox Equilibria: Overview
491
A reduction-oxidation reaction is commonly called a redox reaction. In a redox reaction, electrons are transferred from one species to another rather than being shared between or among atoms. The reducing agent or reductant is the species that loses electrons and gets oxidized in the process. The species that gains electrons and gets reduced in the process is the oxidizing agent or oxidant. Redox reactions are represented as two separate equations called half-reactions, where one equation...
491
Electrolysis
25.7K
In a galvanic cell, the electrical work is done by a redox system on its surroundings as electrons produced by the spontaneous redox reactions are transferred through an external circuit. Alternatively, an external circuit does work on a redox system by imposing a voltage sufficient to drive an otherwise nonspontaneous reaction in a process known as electrolysis. For instance, recharging a battery involves the use of an external power source to drive the spontaneous (discharge) cell reaction in...
25.7K
Voltaic/Galvanic Cells
54.8K
Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
54.8K
Cell Potential and Free Energy
39.0K
Thermodynamics of a Redox Reaction
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics dealing with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy. In an electrochemical cell, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
Thus, a link can be predicted between cell potential, free energy change, and the equilibrium constant for the reaction. Cell potential can also be measured as the oxidant or the reducing strength, and similar acid-base strength measures are reflected in equilibrium...
Thermodynamics is the branch of physics dealing with the relationship between heat and other forms of energy. In an electrochemical cell, chemical energy is converted into electrical energy.
Thus, a link can be predicted between cell potential, free energy change, and the equilibrium constant for the reaction. Cell potential can also be measured as the oxidant or the reducing strength, and similar acid-base strength measures are reflected in equilibrium...
39.0K
Balancing Redox Equations
51.2K
Electrochemistry is the science involved in the interconversion of electrical and chemical reactions. Such reactions are called reduction-oxidation, or redox reactions. These important reactions are defined by changes in oxidation states for one or more reactant elements and include a subset of reactions involving the transfer of electrons between reactant species. Electrochemistry as a field has evolved to yield sufficient insights on the fundamental principles of redox chemistry and multiple...
51.2K
Oxidation-Reduction Reactions
63.8K
Oxidation–Reduction Reactions
63.8K


