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Chirality02:25

Chirality

22.3K
Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
12.2K
Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

11.0K
Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
11.0K
Prochirality02:05

Prochirality

3.7K
The concept of prochirality leads to the nomenclature of the individual faces of a molecule and plays a crucial role in the enantioselective reaction. It is a concept where two or more achiral molecules react to produce chiral products. A typical process is the reaction of an achiral ketone to generate a chiral alcohol. Here, the achiral reactant reacts with an achiral reducing agent, sodium borohydride, to generate an equimolar mixture of the chiral enantiomers of the product. For example, an...
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Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur

5.6K
Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
5.6K
Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

11.6K
Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: May 10, 2025

Assembly of Gold Nanorods into Chiral Plasmonic Metamolecules Using DNA Origami Templates
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Assembly of Gold Nanorods into Chiral Plasmonic Metamolecules Using DNA Origami Templates

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モジュール式キラル・オリガミ・メタマテリアル

Tuo Zhao1, Xiangxin Dang1, Konstantinos Manos2

  • 1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.

Nature
|April 24, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者は高度な機械のような機能を 解き放つモジュラーキラルメタマテリアルを開発しました これらの材料は,歪みと収縮の独立した制御を可能にし,変形と結合の以前の制限を克服します.

さらに関連する動画

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
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Origami Inspired Self-assembly of Patterned and Reconfigurable Particles
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Origami Inspired Self-assembly of Patterned and Reconfigurable Particles

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 10, 2025

Assembly of Gold Nanorods into Chiral Plasmonic Metamolecules Using DNA Origami Templates
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Assembly of Gold Nanorods into Chiral Plasmonic Metamolecules Using DNA Origami Templates

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Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
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Origami Inspired Self-assembly of Patterned and Reconfigurable Particles
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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 機械工学
  • ロボット

背景:

  • 既存のキラルメタマテリアルは,結合された,小さな変形マルチモダル運動を示し,機械のようなアプリケーションを制限します.
  • メタマテリアルの自律的な機能は望ましいが,結合されたアクチュエーションと小さなストレスの限界 (≤2%) によって妨げられる.

研究 の 目的:

  • マルチモダルの変形の独立した制御のために,解き放たれたアクチュエーションを持つモジュラーキラルメタマテリアルを確立する.
  • 以前のキラル・メタマテリアルの設計における結合運動と小さな変形の限界を克服するために.

主な方法:

  • オリガミにインスパイアされた柱状の配列とオキセティックな平面テッセレーションを組み合わせたモジュール型のキラル型メタマテリアルの設計と製造.
  • 単一の自由度操作下での変形機構の実験およびシミュレーションベースの分析.
  • 異なるアクチュエーション条件の実証:フリートランスレーションによる回転と,フリーローテーションによる線形移動.

主要な成果:

  • モジュール型メタマテリアルは,分離されたアクチュエーションを示し,大きな平面内収縮 (最大25%) と平面外収縮 (50%以上) を達成します.
  • 0°から90°まで自律的に回転し,自律的に回転し,直線的に移動する.
  • 回転式四角形 (平面内回転/収縮) とクレスリング・オリガミ配列 (平面外収縮) に起因する変形.

結論:

  • 開発されたモジュラーキラルメタマテリアルは,マルチモダル,マルチスタブル,再プログラム可能な機械への経路を提供します.
  • 潜在的応用には,ロボットトランスフォーマー,温度調節,機械記憶,エネルギー吸収システムなどがあります.
  • モジュール式設計により,調整可能な特性,スケーラビリティ,様々なエンジニアリング上の課題に対応するプラグ&プレイ機能が提供されます.