公共保険の児童の精神疾患診断の傾向
Janet R Cummings1, Xin Hu1,2, Jordan Marchak3,4
1Department of Health Policy and Management, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia.
JAMA
|April 24, 2025
まとめ
公共保険の子どもたちの精神疾患と神経発達障害の診断は2010年から2019年に大幅に増加しました. この傾向は,これらの脆弱な若者のためのアクセシブルなサービスの必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 小児の健康
- 公共衛生政策
- メンタルヘルスサービス研究
背景:
- 貧困層の子どもは 精神的健康や神経発達障害の 高いリスクに直面しています
- メディケイドのような 公共保険制度は アメリカの子供の3分の"以上をカバーしていますが これらの疾患の診断の傾向は 十分に理解されていません
研究 の 目的:
- 精神疾患や神経発達障害の診断における多州傾向を推定する.
- 2010年から2019年の診断率の変化を分析する.
主な方法:
- 22州の行政請求データを活用した連続的,横断的な研究です.
- 公的保険に加入した3歳から17歳の子供の診断の動向の分析
- 人口統計,社会経済的要因,地理的変数を制御した回帰モデル.
主要な成果:
- 精神疾患や神経発達障害の診断を受けた公的保険児の割合は,2010年の10.7%から2019年の16.5%に増加した.
- 13の特定の診断カテゴリーのうち9のカテゴリーで有意な増加が観察されました.
- 最も大きな増加は,注意欠陥/多動性障害,トラウマおよびストレス関連の障害,不安障害,自閉症スペクトル障害,うつ病およびその他の神経発達障害でした.
結論:
- 2010年から2019年の間に 精神疾患と神経発達障害の診断が著しく増加しました
- これらの発見は,安全ネットシステム内の適切な精神保健および神経発達サービスへのアクセスを強化する必要性を強調しています.
- 増加する診断率に対処し,この集団に対する適切なケアを確保するために,さらなる研究と政策の介入は正当化されています.
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