政策における科学の利用における党派的格差
Alexander C Furnas1,2,3,4, Timothy M LaPira5, Dashun Wang1,2,3,4,6
1Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
まとめ
議会やシンクタンクの文書は 科学的証拠を引用する様々なアプローチを示しています これらの引用の違いを理解することは,正確な科学的なコミュニケーションと政策分析に不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 政策研究
- 科学コミュニケーション
背景:
- 議会文書やシンクタンク報告書は 政策立案者にとって重要な情報源です
- これらの文書で科学的な証拠が提示され引用される方法は,政策決定に影響を与えます.
- 以前の研究では,これらの影響力のある文書のタイプにおける引用慣行を体系的に比較してはいませんでした.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国議会や著名なシンクタンクが作成した文書に 科学的研究を引用する方法を分析し比較する.
- 科学的発見が政策指向の文献にどのように参照されているかについてのパターンと不一致を特定する.
主な方法:
- 選出された議会報告書とシンクタンク出版物の質的内容分析が行われました.
- 引用分析は,引用された科学的情報源の種類,引用の文脈,科学的証拠の枠組みに焦点を当てた.
- 主なテーマと引用戦略の違いを体系的にコード化して比較した.
主要な成果:
- 議会とシンクタンク文書の間で引用された科学文献の頻度とタイプに重大な違いが観察されました.
- シンクタンクは,議会の文書と比較して,より広い範囲の科学分野を引用する傾向を示しました.
- 科学的証拠の枠組みは,支持または批判のために,特に2つの文書タイプの間に異なっていた.
結論:
- 議会とシンクタンク間の科学的引用の慣行の違いは,政策に証拠を統合するための異なるアプローチを強調しています.
- これらの違いは,異なる情報源からの政策勧告の科学的根拠を批判的に評価することの重要性を強調しています.
- 公共の理解と政策の成果に対するこれらの引用の違いの影響をさらに調査する必要があります.
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