古代のボレリアのゲノムが,による再発性熱の進化史を記録している
Pooja Swali1,2, Thomas Booth2, Cedric C S Tan1
1UCL Genetics Institute, Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London, UK.
まとめ
古代のDNAは 虫媒介の病原体Borrelia recurrentisが ヒトのライフスタイルの変化と一致して およそ6000年から4000年前に 発生したことを示しています ゲノム解析は 何千年もの間 その進化を追跡しています
科学分野:
- 進化生物学
- ゲノミクス
- 古生物学
背景:
- ベクター媒介の病原体は伝播モードを変化させ,しばしばゲノム減少と毒性の増加を伴う.
- これらの変化のタイミングを理解することは 公衆衛生と進化論の研究にとって極めて重要です
研究 の 目的:
- 虫媒介性再発性熱の原因であるBorrelia recurrentisの進化のゲノム・タイムラインを確立する.
- B. recurrentisの進化軌道を調査する
主な方法:
- 古代のBorrelia recurrentisの4つのゲノム (2300年~600年) のシーケンシング
- 菌類の遺伝分析で ティックの親類の分岐時間を推定する.
- パンゲノム解析で 進化の変化を追跡する
主要な成果:
- B. recurrentisが6000年から4000年前の最も近いチンパンジーから分岐した.
- B. recurrentisの特徴となる重要な進化的変化は,約2300年前に確立された.
- 特にプラズミド分割における進行中の遺伝子ターンオーバーは,約1000年前まで続いた.
結論:
- B. recurrentisの出現は,羊毛繊維の採用など,人間のライフスタイルの変化と一致した.
- 特殊なベクトル媒介病原体の進化の直接的なゲノム年代表を提供します.
- 病原体の進化と新しい宿主とベクトルへの適応のダイナミックな性質を強調しています.
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