アメリカ大陸におけるヨーロッパ人以前の接触性麻痺とその現在の持続性
Maria Lopopolo1,2, Charlotte Avanzi3, Sebastian Duchene4
1Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 2000, Microbial Paleogenomics Unit, Paris, France.
まとめ
アメリカ大陸での麻痺は ヨーロッパ人が到着する以前から存在しており 麻痺菌 (Mycobacterium lepromatosis) によって引き起こされています 北米と南米で発見された古代の菌株は 植民地化以前のこの病気の長い歴史を明らかにしています
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 古病理学
- 遺伝学
背景:
- アメリカ大陸における麻痺は,歴史的にヨーロッパ人の導入に起因していた.
- マイコバクテリア・レプロマトーシスの発見は,主にアメリカ大陸で,この理解に挑戦しました.
研究 の 目的:
- アメリカ大陸におけるMycobacterium lepromatosisの歴史的存在と多様性を調査する.
- ヨーロッパ人による植民地化以前,アメリカ大陸にM.レプロマトーシスの感染が 存在していたかどうかを判断するためです.
主な方法:
- 389人の古代と408人の現代人のサンプルを検出した.
- Mycobacterium lepromatosisの遺伝子データを分析した.
主要な成果:
- 証拠は,ヨーロッパ人との接触より前にアメリカ大陸でM. lepromatosisが人間に感染したことを確認しています.
- 系統遺伝分析により,ヒトに感染するM. lepromatosisの異なるクラードが特定されました.
- 北米と南米の両方で古代のM.レプロマトーシス菌株が検出されました.
結論:
- マイコバクテリアはヨーロッパ人よりずっと前から アメリカ大陸に存在していました
- この病原体は大西洋後期にアメリカ大陸に 広まっていたのかもしれません
- この発見は アメリカ大陸における 麻痺の導入と歴史の再評価を 求めています
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