国内水域と沿岸水域における窒素固定のグローバルな重要性
Robinson W Fulweiler1,2, Shelby Rinehart3, Jason Taylor4
1Department of Earth and Environment, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
まとめ
内陸と沿岸の水域での生物学的窒素固定は広範囲で顕著です. これらの水系は世界の窒素固定の15%に貢献し,内陸水域は主要な貢献者である.
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 生地化学
- 水生生態学
背景:
- 生物学的窒素固定は,地球規模の原産物生産と気候規制に不可欠です.
- 以前の窒素固定の推定は,主に陸上と開いた海洋環境に焦点を当てていました.
- 内部と沿岸の水系は,世界の窒素固定の評価ではほとんど見過ごされています.
研究 の 目的:
- 内陸と沿岸の水系における窒素固定率を評価する.
- これらの見過ごされた水環境が世界の窒素固定に与える貢献を決定する.
- 世界的な窒素循環におけるこれらのシステムの重要性を強調する.
主な方法:
- 国内水域と沿岸海域における窒素固定に関する既存のデータの包括的なレビューと統合
- 水柱と沈殿物プロセスを含む様々な水生生息地での窒素固定の評価
- 保守的なアプローチを用いた窒素固定率の推定.
主要な成果:
- 窒素の固定は内陸と沿岸の水域システムに広く存在し,その割合は6度以上の大きさがあります.
- これらのシステムは,世界の表面面積の10%未満を占めるにもかかわらず,年間約40テラグラムの窒素を固定します.
- 内陸の水系は,これらの環境における窒素固定の半分以上を占めています.
結論:
- 国内水域と沿岸水域は,以前は過小評価されていた世界的な生物学的窒素固定の重要な構成要素です.
- この発見は,これらの水生生態系が世界の原産物を支える上で果たす重要な役割を強調し,生地化学的サイクルに影響を与えています.
- 将来の世界的な窒素予算は,内陸と沿岸の水域システムからの実質的な貢献を組み込む必要があります.
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