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関連する概念動画

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing02:41

Chromatin Structure Regulates pre-mRNA Processing

7.0K
In eukaryotic cells, nascent mRNA transcripts need to undergo many post-transcriptional modifications to reach the cell cytoplasm and translate into functional proteins. For a long time, transcription and pre-mRNA processing were considered two independent events that occur sequentially in the cell. However, it has now been well established that transcription and pre-mRNA processing are two simultaneous processes that are precisely regulated inside the cell.
The chromatin structure, especially...
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RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

4.7K
The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
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Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

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Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
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RNA Stability01:53

RNA Stability

33.4K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

875
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
875
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators02:13

Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators

6.4K
Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome.  Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...
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Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes
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Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes

Published on: April 4, 2025

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RNAトランスクリプトはGループ形成を通じてG四重複の風景を調節する.

Koichi Sato1,2, Jing Lyu3,4, Jeroen van den Berg1

  • 1Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW & University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 12, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

RNAトランスクリプトは,Gループメカニズムを通じてDNAのG四重複 (G4) 構造を制御する. このプロセスは,ゲノムの安定性と細胞の生存を維持するために不可欠な,協調された組み立てと分解を伴う.

さらに関連する動画

Single-molecule Manipulation of G-quadruplexes by Magnetic Tweezers
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Single-molecule Manipulation of G-quadruplexes by Magnetic Tweezers

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A G-quadruplex DNA-affinity Approach for Purification of Enzymatically Active G4 Resolvase1
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A G-quadruplex DNA-affinity Approach for Purification of Enzymatically Active G4 Resolvase1

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes
05:37

Single-Molecule Fluorescence Visualization of DNA Polymerase Dynamics at G-Quadruplexes

Published on: April 4, 2025

398
Single-molecule Manipulation of G-quadruplexes by Magnetic Tweezers
08:28

Single-molecule Manipulation of G-quadruplexes by Magnetic Tweezers

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A G-quadruplex DNA-affinity Approach for Purification of Enzymatically Active G4 Resolvase1
11:25

A G-quadruplex DNA-affinity Approach for Purification of Enzymatically Active G4 Resolvase1

Published on: March 18, 2017

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科学分野:

  • 分子生物学
  • 遺伝学
  • ゲノミクス

背景:

  • G四重複素 (G4s) は,転写を調節するDNA構造であるが,ゲノムの安定性を損なう可能性がある.
  • G4のダイナミクスを制御する正確なメカニズムは完全に理解されていません.

研究 の 目的:

  • RNAトランスクリプトがG4構造をどのように調節するかを解明する.
  • G4ダイナミクスを制御する Gループメカニズムを調査する

主な方法:

  • ATM/ATRキナーゼ,BRCA2,RAD51を含む研究されたGループ組成.
  • DHX36-FANCJによるGループ解体を研究した.
  • Gループの解体抑制が細胞プロセスに与える影響を分析した.

主要な成果:

  • RNAのトランスクリプトは,Gループの組み立てと分解を介してG4の風景をオーケストラ化します.
  • Gループアセンブリは,ATM/ATRキナーゼとBRCA2/RAD51をRNA-DNA侵入のために必要とする.
  • Gループの解体には,DHX36-FANCJの解き放たれ,核分解の切断,DNAの合成が含まれます.

結論:

  • G4の構造を制御する Gループの組み立て解消メカニズムです
  • Gループの解体が妨げられ,G4/Rループの蓄積,トランスクリプトームの不調,ゲノム不安定が生じます.
  • このメカニズムは 細胞の安定と生存に不可欠です