瞬時に発声する神経義肢
Maitreyee Wairagkar1, Nicholas S Card2, Tyler Singer-Clark2,3
1Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA. mwairagkar@ucdavis.edu.
Nature
|June 12, 2025
まとめ
この研究は 脳から声への新しい ニューロプロセシスを提示し 脳の活動から自然に聞こえる言葉を 合成します この脳とコンピュータのインターフェース (BCI) は 麻痺した人の表現的なコミュニケーションを回復します 音声とメロディーを含むのです
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 生物医学工学
- 音声合成
背景:
- 脳とコンピュータのインターフェース (BCI) は,神経学的状態でのコミュニケーションの回復の可能性を提供します.
- 既存のBCIは 主にニューラル活動をテキストに変換し プロソディのような言語のニュアンスが欠けています
- 効果的なコミュニケーションには 自然で表現力のある声の回復が不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 分かりやすく表現的な言葉を合成するための脳から声への神経義肢を開発し,実証する.
- 閉ループのオーディオフィードバックで リアルタイムの音声合成のための 神経活動を解読する
- 言語障害のある人が 合成音声を使って コミュニケーションをとれるようにするためです
主な方法:
- アミオトロフィック横筋硬化症 (ALS) の参加者の腹前中心回に256個のマイクロ電極を埋め込みました.
- 神経解読器を開発して 皮質内の活動を 音声信号に変換し 基底の真実の音声データ不足を克服しました
- 閉ループのオーディオフィードバックでリアルタイムで音声合成を可能にし,プロソディとメロディの調節を可能にします.
主要な成果:
- 音声を含む神経活動から 精確に合成した
- パラリンゲスティック機能の解読と合成に成功し, 音調のリアルタイム調整を可能にしました.
- 参加者はBCIで合成した声を用いて短いメロディーを歌うことができます.
結論:
- 脳から声への神経義肢が 麻痺した人の表現的言語を回復する可能性を証明した.
- この技術によって コミュニケーション能力と重症性関節不全の患者の生活の質が 大きく改善される可能性があります
- さらに研究が進められれば 微妙で自然な声の復元が可能になります
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