前運動皮質における選択のダイナミクスと幾何学
Mikhail Genkin1, Krishna V Shenoy2,3, Chandramouli Chandrasekaran4,5,6,7
1Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA.
Nature
|June 25, 2025
まとめ
科学者は 脳内のニューラル集団が 選択形成のような ダイナミックな認知変数を センサリー・コーディングに似た 幾何学的な原理を用いて 暗号化していることを発見しました これは脳の計算を 統合するメカニズムを示しています
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 認知科学
- 計算神経科学
背景:
- 神経集団は 協調した活動と単一のニューロンのチューニング曲線を通して 感覚情報をコードします
- 意思決定などのダイナミックな認知変数に対するこの集団のコーディング原理の適用は,神経活動の複雑な時間的ダイナミクスのために,ほとんど未知のままです.
- 内部の認知プロセスは単一の試験でユニークな時間コースを示し,しばしば異質なニューラル集団の不規則なスパイクパターンに反映されます.
研究 の 目的:
- 神経集団が,感覚変数と同様に,ダイナミックな認知変数に対して同様の幾何学的なコーディング原理を使用しているかどうかを調査する.
- 霊長類の脳の選択形成の ダイナミクスを探求する
- 集団動態と単一のニューロンのチューニング機能を同時に推論するための新しい計算方法を開発する.
主な方法:
- 集団動態と単一のニューロンのチューニング機能を同時に推論するための新しい計算フレームワークを開発した.
- 意思決定のタスク中に霊長類の前運動皮質から記録された 電気生理学的スパイクデータにモデルを適用した.
- 神経集団の活動を分析し,コーディング原理を特定するために,先進的な統計推論技術を活用しました.
主要な成果:
- プライマットの前運動皮質における選択形成のダイナミクスの集団コードの存在を証明した.
- ニューロンの集団は 選択を予測する 共有の動的変数をコードする
- この共通の決定変数に対する 異なる単一のニューロンの調節から 生じる異質な発火率を示した.
- 決定計算の基礎となるアトラクターメカニズムと一致する推論された集団動態.
結論:
- 神経コードの統一的幾何学原理を確立し,感覚と動的認知変数の両方に適用される.
- 脳の意思決定のためのメカニズムとしてアトラクターネットワークのダイナミクスの証拠を提供しました.
- 神経集団が 複雑な認知情報を 時間の経過とともに 表現し処理する方法の理解を 進めた.
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