高給の仕事へのアクセス不足による移民と現地人の賃金格差
Are Skeie Hermansen1,2, Andrew Penner3, István Boza4
1Department of Sociology and Human Geography, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. a.s.hermansen@sosgeo.uio.no.
Nature
|July 16, 2025
まとめ
移民とネイティブの賃金格差のほとんどは 低賃金の仕事への分離が原因です 政策は,同じ仕事に対する 平等な賃金ではなく,より良い仕事へのアクセスを改善することに 焦点を当てるべきです.
科学分野:
- 社会経済研究
- 労働経済学
- 移住に関する研究
背景:
- 移民は高所得国の労働市場における 持続的な課題に直面することが多い.
- 移民の子供達は経済的に進歩していますが 移民とネイティブの収入の違いの要因は 十分に理解されていません
研究 の 目的:
- 同じ仕事に対する賃金格差や 低賃金の仕事への隔離が原因であるかどうかを調査する.
- 収入の全体的な格差に対する仕事の分離の貢献を定量化する.
主な方法:
- ヨーロッパと北米の9カ国のデータを分析した.
- 移民と現地生まれの労働者の収入と仕事の種類を比較する.
主要な成果:
- 移民とネイティブの賃金格差のおよそ75%は 低賃金の職種に分離が原因です
- 職内の賃金格差は存在しますが 給料の格差の主な要因は 高い賃金の仕事への 格差です
結論:
- 移民とネイティブの賃金格差を縮めるには 職間の隔離を減らすことが不可欠です
- 言語と職業訓練,資格の承認,ネットワークへのアクセスを支援する政策は不可欠です.
- 雇用や昇進における 雇用主の偏見に対処することも重要です
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