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森林年齢の変化と純炭素バランスのグローバル共変量
Simon Besnard1, Viola H A Heinrich2,3, Nuno Carvalhais4,5,6
1GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany. simon.besnard@gfz.de.
Nature ecology & evolution
|August 20, 2025
まとめ
特に熱帯地域では 森林の年齢が減少しています これは若い森林が古い森林に蓄積された炭素を 置き換えることができないため 重要な炭素の損失につながります
科学分野:
- 森林の生態学
- 気候科学
- 炭素循環に関する研究
背景:
- 森林の年齢のダイナミクスは世界の炭素バランスにとって不可欠ですが,まだ十分に理解されていません.
- 気候変動の緩和には 森林の年齢転換が炭素の貯蔵や流れに与える影響を定量化することが不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 2010年から2020年までの世界の森林年齢の動態を分析する.
- この動態が地上の炭素貯蔵量とCO2の純流量に及ぼす影響を評価する.
- 炭素の吸収と気候変動の緩和に及ぼす長期的な影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 森林年齢のダイナミクスについて,グローバル・エイジ・マッピング・インテグレーション (Global Age Mapping Integration v2.0) のデータセットを利用した.
- 衛星による地球上の炭素集積データ (AGC)
- 空気の逆流による CO2 純流量データ
主要な成果:
- アマゾン,コンゴ盆地,東南アジア,シベリアでは森林の年齢が火災や収穫などの干渉によって大きく減少しています.
- 古い森林が若く,炭素が少ない森林に移行したため,年間約0.14PgCの世界の純損失です.
- 古い森林からの損失を補うには不十分ですが,若い森林の急速な再生地域での炭素吸収の一時的な強化
結論:
- 古い森林の保護は 炭素の蓄積を維持するために不可欠です
- 森林管理の戦略を最適化することで 炭素の排出量を最大化し 気候変動の緩和を図る必要があります
- 若い森林の急速な再生は 熟成した古い森林の長期的な炭素吸収能力を補うことはできません
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