ガーナ東部とオティ地方の24ヶ月未満の子供の定期予防接種率とその決定因子
Chris Guure1, Yakubu Alhassan2, Samuel Dery2
1Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana. cbguure@ug.edu.gh.
BMC pediatrics
|August 20, 2025
まとめ
ガーナにおける定期的な予防接種は,都市部と農村部と地域間の大きな格差を示しています. 標的を絞った介入は,特に都市部での完全な予防接種率の改善に不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 流行病学
- 子どもの健康
背景:
- 予防接種は 世界的に子供の死亡率を減らすために不可欠です
- ガーナではワクチン接種率の格差が持続しており,普遍的な予防接種が妨げられています.
- 地方の不平等は ガーナでのワクチンの利用と利用に影響を及ぼします
研究 の 目的:
- ガーナの東部とオティ地方の2歳未満の子供の定期予防接種の範囲を評価する.
- ワクチン接種におけるギャップを特定し,標的を絞った介入を促す.
- 研究領域における完全免疫に関連する要因を評価する.
主な方法:
- 横断的な研究では,多段階の層分別サンプリングアプローチが使用されました.
- 24~35ヶ月の1114人の子供からデータを収集した.
- ワクチン接種ステータスは,ワクチン接種カードまたは介護者のリコールによって決定され,データは記述的統計とロジスティック回帰を用いて分析された.
主要な成果:
- 完全ワクチン接種率は18.7%で,都市部より高い割合 (19.7%) であった.
- 基本抗原のカバー率は78.8%で,農村部 (82.4%) は都市部 (74.4%) を上回りました.
- オティ地域は,東部地域と比較して,より高い基本抗原および全国スケジュールカバー率を示した.
結論:
- 都市部と農村部,そしてガーナの各地域間で,ワクチンの接種率に大きな格差がある.
- 対象を絞った介入は,特に都市部での 覆盖のギャップを埋めるために不可欠です.
- 保健システムを強化し,テクノロジーを活用し,コミュニティの関与を高めることは,公平な予防接種率を達成するための鍵です.
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