裂け目集団における自閉症スペクトル障害:非症候群患者の発生を評価する
Molly F MacIsaac1, Alyssa Fritz2, Melissa L Crenshaw3
1Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital, St. Petersburg, FL, USA.
まとめ
自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) は,非症候群性口口口裂け (OFC) を有する子供において,これまで考えられていたよりも一般的です. 裂け口の子どもや 恵まれない環境から来た子どもは リスクが高いかもしれません
科学分野:
- 小児の健康
- 発達に関する小児科
- 遺伝学
背景:
- オロファシアル裂け (Orofacial clefts, OFC) は一般的な先天性欠陥であり,自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) などの神経発達疾患との共発生は調査を義務付けています.
- OFC集団におけるASDの流行と関連因子を理解することは,早期発見と介入に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 非症候群性OFC患者におけるASDの罹患率を定量化する.
- この集団における自閉症に関連する社会統計学的,表型的,遺伝的要因を調査する.
- 症候群性および非症候群性OFC症例におけるASDの流行を比較する.
主な方法:
- OFCを患った412人の患者 (2~20歳) の経歴を振り返る.
- ASDの診断または懸念,症候群的状態,裂け目現象型,社会経済指標の評価 (地域欠乏指数 [ADI],子供機会指数 [COI]).
主要な成果:
- 全体として,OFC患者の7. 0%がASDと診断され,非症候群OFC患者の7. 8%がASDと診断され,以前の推定値の3. 9倍であった.
- ASDの診断は,非症候群の口腔裂け (CP) のみで最も高かった (9. 8%).
- 非症候群のOFCでは,ASDはより高いADIとより低いCOIと相関しており,社会経済的不利益を示しています.
結論:
- OFCの非症候群の患者では,以前報告されたよりもASDがより一般的です.
- CP を 患う 子供 や 恵まれない 背景 の 子供 は,ASD の リスク が 高い よう に 見える.
- すべてのOFC患者における定期的な発達監視は,ASDの早期発見と介入のために推奨されます.
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