薬物使用前の統合失調症患者における神経認知障害における性別差異:横断的研究
Qing Zhang1, AiMin Sui2, Min Su3
1Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Psychological Evaluation and Intervention, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai, China.
Frontiers in psychiatry
|August 20, 2025
まとめ
最初のエピソードの統合失調症 (FES) の認知障害は性別によって異なります. 男性は負の症状に関連した実行力と処理速度の欠陥を示し,女性にはより広範な症状に関連した記憶障害があります.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 精神科
- 認知科学
背景:
- 認知障害は第1回統合失調症 (FES) の重要な特徴です.
- 慢性統合失調症では 性別による認知能力の違いが観察されているが,薬物使用前のFES患者ではあまり研究されていない.
- 性別の違いを理解することは 早期の介入と治療に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 前例の精神分裂症 (FES) 患者における性別の認知プロフィールを調査する.
- FES患者における認知障害と臨床症状の関係 (ポジティブ・ネガティブ・シンドローム・スケール - PANSS) を性別に分類する.
- 性別による認知の違いが 統合失調症の初期に現れるかどうか 明らかにするためです
主な方法:
- 382人の未経験FES患者と522人の健康な対照群 (HCs) を募集した.
- MATRICSコンセンサス・コグニティブ・バッテリー (MCCB) を使用して認知機能を評価した.
- 陽性・陰性症候群スケール (PANSS) を用いて臨床症状を評価した.
主要な成果:
- FES患者はHCと比較して全体的な認知障害を示した.
- 男性は計画/問題解決 (NAB Mazes) で女性を上回り,女性は優れた視覚空間記憶 (BVMT-R) を示しました.
- 男性と女性のFES患者は,処理速度 (BACS) と持続的注意力 (CPT) に著しい欠陥があった. 男性のFES認知障害は否定的な症状と相関し,女性のFES障害は,すべてのPANSS領域と広く相関した.
結論:
- 最初のエピソードの統合失調症は 性別が異なる認知プロファイルで表れます
- 男性のFES患者は,負の症状に関連した実行/処理速度の欠陥を示します.
- FESの女性患者は,より広範な症状の関連性を持つ記憶障害を示し,早期の精神病のケアにおいて性敏感なアプローチの必要性を強調しています.
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