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Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

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The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can...
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Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

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Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Updated: Sep 8, 2025

In Vitro Selection of Engineered Transcriptional Repressors for Targeted Epigenetic Silencing
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Ribozyme-Enabled Tissue Specificity (RETS) の設計原理を明らかにし,専門のプロモーターなしで正確な表現を可能にします.

Max M Combest1, Josh Conlin1, Vivia Van De Mark2

  • 1Colorado State University Department of Biology.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|August 20, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

植物におけるトランスゲン発現を制御するために Ribozyme Enabled Tissue Specificity (RETS) を開発しました この方法はバイオセンサと作物工学のための精密な組織特異的な遺伝子発現を達成するためにリボ酵素を使用します.

キーワード:
応用生物学リボ酵素組織特異的な表現表現バイオセンサ植物開発植物合成生物学

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Designing, Packaging, and Delivery of High Titer CRISPR Retro and Lentiviruses via Stereotaxic Injection
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An Efficient Strategy for Generating Tissue-specific Binary Transcription Systems in Drosophila by Genome Editing
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科学分野:

  • 植物生物学
  • 合成生物学
  • 分子遺伝学

背景:

  • 組織特異のトランスゲン発現は,生物学的研究と生物学的工学において極めて重要です.
  • 精密な発現のための適切なプロモーターを特定することは,特に長時間のプロトタイプ化により,植物では困難です.
  • 現存する方法は,ネイティブの遺伝子発現と植物現象の設計の研究に限界があります.

研究 の 目的:

  • 植物における組織特異的トランスゲン発現を達成するための新しい戦略である Ribozyme Enabled Tissue Specificity (RETS) を導入する.
  • 特徴づけられたプロモーターに頼らずに,トランスゲンの発現を正確に制御できるようにする.
  • バイオセンサと植物特性の設計における RETSの有用性を実証する.

主な方法:

  • RETSを開発し, (テトラヒメナ・サーモフィラのグループIイントロンを基に) スプリットセルフスプライシングリボ酵素を用いた戦略を開発した.
  • 条件付きmRNA復元のための設計を導くためにレバレッジされたトランスクリプトミックのデータ.
  • トランスゲンの柔軟性,表現の強化,RNA干渉の回避のための最適化された設計機能.

主要な成果:

  • RETSを用いたアラビドプシス・タリアナにおける組織特異的および用量依存のトランスゲン発現の成功が実証された.
  • 植物における空間時間的な遺伝子発現を研究するための 遺伝的にコードされたバイオセンサの作成を展示した.
  • 臓器の大きさの組織特異的な変化の工学を示し,現象制御を示した.

結論:

  • RETSは,現在の技術の限界を克服し,破壊的でないイメージングを使用して,ネイティブの遺伝子発現パターンを研究するための新しいアプローチを提供します.
  • RETSによるトランスゲン発現の空間時間的な制御は,植物フェノタイプの精密エンジニアリングを可能にします.
  • この技術は作物の改良を容易にし 構成的な表現の欠陥をなくし 改良された農業用途の道を開きます