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関連する概念動画

Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

336
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
336
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder01:30

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

289
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
289
Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

141
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
141
Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

106
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
106
Modeling in Therapy01:26

Modeling in Therapy

145
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
145
Information Processing Approach01:30

Information Processing Approach

154
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
154

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Comparing Eye-tracking Data of Children with High-functioning ASD, Comorbid ADHD, and of a Control Watching Social Videos
05:32

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同時期に発生するASDとサブスレッジADHDの子供の臨床的および認知的特徴:社会的,機能的および実行機能の障害

Le-Ran Xue1, Chao-Qun Cen1, Zhi Huang1

  • 1Child Development and Behavior Center, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.

Journal of autism and developmental disorders
|August 20, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

自閉症スペクトル障害と注意欠陥/多動性障害の特性を有する子供は,社会的,機能的,実行機能の障害を示します. 正式なADHD診断とは無関係に 適した介入が必要であることを示唆しています

キーワード:
自閉症スペクトル障害ブリーフ-2実行機能臨界値以下の注意欠陥/多動性障害

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科学分野:

  • 神経科学
  • 子どもの心理
  • 発達 障害

背景:

  • 自閉症スペクトル障害 (ASD) は,注意欠陥/多動性障害 (ADHD) の特徴と頻繁に共存する.
  • 自閉症の20%以上は 臨界値以下のADHDの特徴を示し 臨床プロファイルと神経認知に影響します

研究 の 目的:

  • 併発性ASDと小症候群ADHDの子供の臨床プロファイル,実行機能 (EF) の特徴,および機能的影響を調査する.
  • この集団におけるADHDの症状の重症度と神経認知の結果の間の次元的関係を調べる.

主な方法:

  • ASD 単独,ASD 控えめ ADHD,ASD 控えめ ADHD,および典型的に発達する (TD) コントロールを含む104人の子供のマルチモダルの評価.
  • 行動測定法,実験室でのEFタスク,アイトラッキングテストを使用しました.
  • 症状のグラデーションとEF媒介の機能的関係を探求するために,グループ比較と回帰分析を使用した.

主要な成果:

  • 自閉症と小児性多動症の子供たちは,TDの同級生と比較して,社会的,機能的,実行機能の有意な障害を示した.
  • 障害の重さはASD単独よりも顕著でしたが,完全なADHD診断のASDよりも軽かった.
  • 線形的な相関が特定された臨床的特徴とEF障害は,ASD + 値以下ADHD群で確認された.

結論:

  • 診断カテゴリーを共通EFメカニズムで結びつけ,次元的に機能します
  • 症状の重症度と機能障害を統合することで,ASDの併発性基準の修正を支持しています.
  • 正式なADHD診断基準とは無関係に,ASDとサブスリーブレベルのADHDの子供に対するEF標的の介入を優先することが推奨されています.