インドの43のがん登録所におけるがん発生率と死亡率
, Prashant Mathur1, Krishnan Sathishkumar1
1Indian Council of Medical Research, National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bengaluru, India.
JAMA network open
|August 20, 2025
まとめ
インドの癌の発生率は 地域によって大きく変化しています この研究は2015年から2019年のデータを分析し,2024年の新規がん症例を150万件以上と推定し,がん対策戦略の緊急性を強調した.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 流行病学
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 癌は世界的に大きな健康問題であり,インドは高い病気の負担に直面しています.
- 精確で最新のがん統計は,病気の影響と制御介入の有効性を評価するために不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 2015年から2019年までのインドの最近の癌発生率と死亡率の動向を分析する.
- 2024年のインドのがん発生率と死亡率の最新推定を提示する.
主な方法:
- インド全土 (2015年−2019年) の43の人口ベースのがん登録データを利用した横断的な研究です.
- 分析には,発生率と死亡率,年齢調整された発生率 (AAIR),平均年率変化 (AAPC) が含まれていた.
- 人口データはインド国勢調査から得られ,データ分析は2024年に行われた.
主要な成果:
- 70万8000人以上が がんにかかり,20万6000人が死亡しました インドの生涯がんリスクは11.0%で ミゾラムのような特定の地域ではリスクが高くなります
- 最も高いAAIRはアイゾール地区で観測されました. 一般的ながんには,口腔,肺,前立腺 (男性),乳腺,子宮頸,卵巣 (女性) が含まれていた.
- 口腔がんの発生率の有意な増加は,いくつかのレジスタリで認められた. 2024年の推定発生: 1,562,099例;死亡率: 874,404例.
結論:
- この研究では,地域差が大きくなり,インド全土で癌の負担が増加していることが明らかになりました.
- これらの傾向に対処するために,資源の配分を強化し,国家がん対策戦略を強化する必要性を強調しています.
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