抗生物質管理プログラム:ブラジルの小児集中治療室での活動と教育
Eliane Carlosso Krummenauer1, Mariana Portela de Assis1, Mara Rubia Santos Gonçalves2
1Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul, Santa Cruz do Sul, RS, Brazil.
Revista latino-americana de enfermagem
|August 20, 2025
まとめ
ブラジルの小児集中治療室における抗菌管理プログラムでは,特に小規模な病院では,教育のギャップが示されています. 抗菌剤耐性を低減し,小児のケアを改善するためには,教育と患者の関与を強化することが不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 小児集中治療薬
- 感染症
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- ブラジルの小児集中治療室 (PED-ICU) での抗菌薬の教育と処方に関するギャップが存在しています.
- 抗菌剤の合理的な使用を妨げ,抗菌剤耐性を高めるための教育イニシアチブが不十分である.
- 地域格差や公立病院と私立病院の違いは,抗菌薬管理プログラム (ASP) の実施に影響します.
研究 の 目的:
- ブラジルの小児集中治療室 (PED-ICU) での抗菌管理プログラム (ASP) の教育要素と活動を評価する.
- 病院の種類や地域における教育戦略と処置の格差を特定する.
主な方法:
- 電子フォームを使用して2022年10月から2023年1月まで実施された多中心の見通し調査.
- 医療従事者や患者に対する微生物耐性に関する教育活動の分析
- 将来の監査,フィードバック,抗菌剤の処方に関する事前承認などの介入の評価
主要な成果:
- 専門家の継続的な教育はPED-ICUの58.9%で実施されたが,患者の教育は主に大きな公立病院で6.8%しか実施されなかった.
- 小規模な病院では教育的な要素が弱かったが,改善の介入はより確立していた (70.8%が実施された).
- 私立病院や東南南部の病院は ASPの管理慣行に より強く従っていることが示された.
結論:
- ブラジルのPED-ICUでは,ASPの実施に重大な格差があり,継続的な教育が必要である.
- 教育戦略の強化とすべての利害関係者の関与は,抗菌剤への適合と耐性との闘いに不可欠です.
- 特に小規模な公立病院での 教育上の欠陥に対処するために 標的を絞った介入が必要であり,小児のケア成果を最適化する必要があります.
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