ベンガルーの第三次医療病院の入院患者の TB 症例検出の改善のための機会性スクリーニング
B N Sharath1, M D Sangeetha1, P K Sreenath Menon1
1Department of Community Medicine, ESIC Medical College, and PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
まとめ
ベンガロールの病院で結核の症状を検診することは可能である. このアプローチは結核の症例を検出し,国家結核撲滅プログラム (NTEP) の目標に貢献します.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 感染症
- 臨床医学
背景:
- 結核 (TB) は世界的に深刻な健康問題であり,インドは国家結核撲滅プログラム (NTEP) を通じてその撲滅に向けて積極的に取り組んでいます.
- 継続的な努力にもかかわらず,結核の撲滅は依然として課題であり,医療機関における症例検出戦略の改善が必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- ベンガルールの第三次医療病院の入院患者の間で4つの主要な結核症候群の流行を評価する.
- 入院患者のうち1人の結核症例を特定するためにスクリーニング (NNS) に必要な数を決定する.
主な方法:
- 2023年4月から6月にかけて,ベンガルールの750ベッドの病院で横断的な研究が行われました.
- 医療,緊急医療,小児科の入院患者は,長時間の咳,発熱,夜間の汗,体重減少などの症状をスクリーニングしました.
- データは検証されたアンケートを使用して収集され,陽性の症例は診断確認のために参照されました.
主要な成果:
- 検診された1497人の患者のうち272人 (18%) が結核関連の症状を示した.
- 唾液検査と胸部X線検査で31人の患者 (11. 3% の症状) が結核であることを確認した.
- 結核の1例を特定するために必要な検診 (NNS) の数は48例と計算されました.
結論:
- 主要な部門での入院患者の日々のスクリーニングは実行可能な戦略です.
- このスクリーニングアプローチは 結核症例の検出を強化するために 医療大学に統合される可能性を示しています
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