高BMI (1990-2031) に起因する世界的な癌の負担:GBDとメンデルのランダム化に基づく多次元分析
Xianglin Zhu1,2, Yushuai Mi1, Lang Wang1,2
1Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Frontiers in nutrition
|August 21, 2025
まとめ
高い体量指数 (BMI) は11種類の癌と関連しており,世界の癌による死亡者数と障害調整寿命 (DALY) は著しく増加しています. 将来の傾向は 肥満に関連したほとんどの癌の負担が安定しているか 増加していることを示唆しています
科学分野:
- 流行病学について
- 遺伝学
- 公衆衛生
背景:
- 肥満は世界的な公衆衛生問題です
- 肥満 に 関する 健康 問題,特に 癌 は 緊急 に 注意 を 求め て い ます.
研究 の 目的:
- ボディマス指数 (BMI) と12種類の癌との関連を分析する.
- 地域,性別,年齢によって高いBMIに起因する癌の負担の格差を調べる.
- 肥満に関連する癌の負荷の将来の傾向を予測する.
主な方法:
- メンデルのランダム化 (MR) を用いて,BMIとがんの関連性を調べました.
- 世界疾病負担 (GBD) データベースからの疫学データを分析した.
- 自動回帰集積移動平均 (ARIMA) モデルは将来の癌の傾向を予測した.
主要な成果:
- 高BMIは2021年に35万人のがん死亡と880万人のDALYの原因となり,1990年以来大幅に増加しました.
- 大腸,直腸,肝臓の癌が最も多く,甲状腺の癌が最も少ない.
- 高BMIと11種類の癌の間の因果関係が特定され,女性と50歳から79歳までの年齢層でより高い負担が観察されました.
結論:
- 高いBMIは,因果的に11種類の癌のリスクと関連しています.
- 高いBMIに関連した癌の負担は 30年以上にわたって増加し,人口統計と地域によって大きな差異があります.
- 肥満に伴う癌のリスクを軽減するために 標的を絞った予防と健康促進戦略が不可欠です
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