上部経路泌尿外科における放射線曝露,知識,遵守: 体系的なレビュー
Shika Veera1, William Olive2, Vaishnavi J Patel3
1Department of Clinical Science, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, USA.
Cureus
|August 21, 2025
まとめ
放射線曝露は泌尿器科医にとって危険です このレビューは,個人用保護具 (PPE) と教育が,泌尿器科の手続き中の放射線被曝を大幅に減らし,安全性を向上させることを強調しています.
科学分野:
- 泌尿器科
- 放射線腫瘍学
- 労働衛生について
背景:
- 泌尿器科における電離放射線の使用は増加しており,医療従事者に職業上のリスクをもたらしています.
- 放射線安全ガイドラインの遵守と個人用保護具の使用は一貫していない.
- 教育の不足とシステム上の障壁が 放射線安全プロトコルの遵守に寄与しています
研究 の 目的:
- 上部経路の泌尿器科手術における現在の放射線安全慣行を評価する.
- 放射線安全に関するガイドラインの遵守が不十分な要因を特定する.
- 泌尿器科における放射線安全性の向上と被曝の軽減のための戦略を探求する.
主な方法:
- PRISMAのガイドラインに従って,209件の論文をスクリーニングし,そのうち22件を調査した.
- コクランの偏見リスクの評価のための独立審査
- 個人用防具 (PPE) の適合性,知識の不足,放射線被曝削減戦略の分析
主要な成果:
- トランク型パーソナル・保護具の適合度が最も高く,目と手の保護具の使用度が最も低い.
- 教育的な介入により,PPEの遵守が著しく増加しました (99.9%).
- PPEを使用すると,目 (90%),手 (50%),甲状腺 (95%),体 (95%) の放射線被曝が軽減されます.
結論:
- 個人用保護具 (PPE) と総合的な教育は,泌尿器科における放射線被曝を最小限に抑えるために不可欠です.
- 知識の不足を解決し,PPEプロトコルの遵守を強化することが重要です.
- 脈動性光鏡検査や 遮蔽などの手順変更により 泌尿器科医の放射線被曝がさらに軽減されます
関連する概念動画
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management
26
Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
26
Imaging Studies III: Computed Tomography
50
DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
50
Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination
338
Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...
338
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography
146
IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
146
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography
53
IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
53
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
35
A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
35


