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Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks
11:27

Synthesis and Characterization of Functionalized Metal-organic Frameworks

Published on: September 5, 2014

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MoIV-オクソディチオレンの合成と特徴付け:ホルマット脱水素酵素活性部位ミメティック

Isaac J Furney1, Joseph A Wright1

  • 1School of Chemistry, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK. joseph.wright@uea.ac.uk.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|August 21, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

合成化学者は,潜在的なエネルギー用途のために,形態脱水酵素 (FDHs) のようなメタロ酵素活性部位のモデルを作成します. このレビューは,FDHの活性部位を模倣するモリブデン・ビス・ディチオリン複合体の合成経路を詳細に説明しています.

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Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
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Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate.  The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of potassium permanganate under basic conditions to form a cis-diol along with a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide.
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Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.
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Diols are compounds with two hydroxyl groups. In addition to syn dihydroxylation, diols can also be synthesized through the process of anti dihydroxylation. The process involves treating an alkene with a peroxycarboxylic acid to form an epoxide. Epoxides are highly strained three-membered rings with oxygen and two carbons occupying the corners of an equilateral triangle. This step is followed by ring-opening of the epoxide in the presence of an aqueous acid to give a trans diol.
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Oxidative Cleavage of Alkenes: Ozonolysis

In ozonolysis, ozone is used to cleave a carbon–carbon double bond to form aldehydes and ketones, or carboxylic acids, depending on the work-up.
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The Diels–Alder reaction brings together a diene and a dienophile to form a six-membered ring. Both components have unique characteristics that influence the rate of the reaction.
Characteristics of the diene
Conformation
The simplest example of a diene is 1,3-butadiene, an acyclic conjugated π system. At room temperature, the molecule exists as a mixture of s-cis and s-trans conformers by virtue of rotation around the carbon–carbon single bond. Although the s-trans isomer is...
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