ガンファシン中毒は,長時間の眠気とシヌスブラディカルディアを呈する小児です:症例報告
Sayaka Nagasawa1,2, Go Inokuchi2, Minami Daikai3
1Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University.
Journal of analytical toxicology
|August 21, 2025
まとめ
ガンファシンの誤った摂取で重度の眠気とブラディカルディアが発生した. このケースは,これらの症状を呈する小児の患者におけるグアンファシン毒性の検討の重要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 薬理学について
- 小児科
- 毒理学について
背景:
- グアンファシンは,注意欠陥多動性障害 (ADHD) の治療薬で,アルファ2Aアドレネルゲン受容体に作用する.
- 中央アルファ2アゴニストの活動により,眠気,ブラディカルディア,低血圧などの副作用が生じることがあります.
- 小児薬の安全性と過剰摂取の認識は,公衆衛生上の重大な問題です.
研究 の 目的:
- ADHDの無い小児の ガンファシン中毒の 最初の症例を報告する
- 血清グアンファシン濃度を記録する
- 子供におけるグアンファシン毒性の認識と診断を助ける.
主な方法:
- 6歳の少年の症例報告 原因不明の眠気とブラディカルディア
- 患者の症状の共通原因を除外する.
- 液体染色体四極飛行時間質量スペクトロメトリー血清分析によるグアンファシン摂取の確認
主要な成果:
- 患者は長時間の眠気とブラディカルディアを呈した.
- 血清分析ではグアンファシン濃度が6ng/mlであることが確認された.
- グアンファシン中毒の診断は,症状と確認された濃度に基づいて確立されました.
結論:
- 意外なグアンファシンの摂取は,小児に重大な毒性を引き起こす可能性があります.
- このケースは,小児患者のグアンファシン毒性の診断における警戒の必要性を強調しています.
- 血清濃度が記録されていることは,診断の確認と管理の指針として有益です.
関連する概念動画
01:17Sedatives and Hypnotics Drugs: Miscellaneous Agents
241
Sedatives and hypnotics encompass a wide range of substances, each with its unique mechanism of action, uses, and potential adverse effects.
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
Melatonin congeners like ramelteon (Rozerem) and tasimelteon (Hetlioz) selectively bind to melatonin receptors (MT1 and MT2) and thus mimic the actions of melatonin, a hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles. Tasimelteon is primarily used for non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder, common in blind patients. They are also used to treat conditions like insomnia...
241
01:14CNS Depressants: Barbiturates and Benzodiazepines
467
CNS depressants include drugs from the category of barbiturates and benzodiazepines. They are valuable medications for managing anxiety disorders and insomnia. Barbiturates, once used to induce and maintain sleep, have been replaced mainly by benzodiazepines due to barbiturate's toxicity, tolerance, and overdose risks. They interact with GABAA receptors, leading to sedation at low doses and potentially coma and death at higher doses. Phenobarbital, a long-acting barbiturate, possesses...
467
01:14Decreased pulse rate
619
Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
619
01:19Management of Insomnia
320
The sleep cycle, an integral part of human health, consists of several stages with distinct characteristics and functions. It begins with a transition from wakefulness to sleep, known as the light sleep phase, followed by the restorative deep sleep phase, essential for physical recovery and growth. The cycle concludes with the Rapid Eye Movement (REM) phase, characterized by high brain activity and vivid dreaming. Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, involves difficulty falling asleep, staying...
320
01:17Sleepwalking and Sleep Talking
313
Somnambulism, commonly known as sleepwalking, involves individuals engaging in activities ranging from simple walking to more complex behaviors such as driving. Sleepwalking typically occurs during the slow-wave sleep stages 3 and 4 early in the night when the person is not dreaming, contradicting the myth that sleepwalkers are acting out their dreams.
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
Factors that increase the likelihood of sleepwalking include sleep deprivation and alcohol consumption. Contrary to common beliefs, it is safe...
313
01:23Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Dependence of Elimination Half-Life and Dose Clearance
296
The elimination half-life and drug clearance of drugs following nonlinear kinetics can vary with dosage. The Michaelis-Menten parameters and drug concentration influence these factors. As the dose increases, the elimination half-life tends to lengthen, resulting in a reduction in clearance and a disproportionately larger area under the curve. The total clearance can be derived from the Michaelis-Menten equation for drugs following a one-compartment model.
A study on guinea pigs examined the...
A study on guinea pigs examined the...
296