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乳糖不耐症の明確な臨床現象: 症状,無症状,および無症状である
Michal Azimov1, Ida Cohen-Michnik1, Moshe Rottenstreich2
1Department of Biochemistry, Food Science and Nutrition, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
The American journal of gastroenterology
|August 21, 2025
まとめ
大半の乳糖不耐性成人では,症状もなく乳糖を許容し,異なるサブグループを示しています. 呼吸中の水素と腸内微生物を分析することで 診断を改善し,不必要な食事制限を減らすことができます
科学分野:
- 胃腸内科
- 人間 の 遺伝子
- 微生物群の研究
背景:
- 乳糖欠乏症は結腸で乳糖発酵を引き起こし,胃腸の問題を引き起こします.
- 遺伝的な乳糖不耐性 (LNP) は必ずしも症状を引き起こすわけではありませんが,他の要因が関与していることを示します.
- これらの要因を理解することで 診断と管理を洗練することができます
研究 の 目的:
- 乳糖不耐性 (LNP) 集団内の異なるサブグループを特定する.
- LNP患者における症状発現における腸内微生物の役割を調査する.
- 乳糖不耐性検査の診断精度を向上させるため
主な方法:
- 146人の健康な成人の乳糖持続性 (LP) に関するSNPの遺伝子型決定.
- 呼吸中の水素,メタン,血糖,症状を測定する.
- 60人の参加者の16S-rRNA配列を用いて腸内微生物の構成をプロファイリングした.
主要な成果:
- 3つのLNPフェノタイプが特定されました: 症状,気性無症状,無症状です.
- ピークの水素生成率はピークの水素濃度よりも症状の重さとの強い相関を示した.
- 無症状のLNPサブグループでは,ラクトバシルスやメガスペラのような属がより多く見られた.
結論:
- 遺伝的にLNPの成人の大部分 (70%) は無症状である.
- LNP個体をサブグループに分類し,水素生成率を使用すると,診断の精度が向上します.
- マイクロバイオーム関連は,より大きな研究でさらなる機能的検証を必要とします.
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