乳腺炎の原因となる病原体 (Escherichia coliとStaphylococcus aureus) が,乳房浸しとして使用される消毒剤に対する感受性
Marcilene Daniel Damasceno1, Maysa Serpa Gonçalves1, Bruna Henrique Pinto da Silva1
1Universidade Federal de Lavras, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Medicina Veterinária, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Lavras, MG, Brazil.
Veterinary microbiology
|August 21, 2025
まとめ
乳母牛は乳首の消毒剤に曝され,大腸菌や黄金球菌のような一般的な乳房炎病原体に耐性を発症します. 消毒剤に対する感受性の低下は,動物と公衆の健康にリスクをもたらします.
科学分野:
- 獣医学
- 微生物学
- 動物保健
背景:
- 乳腺炎は酪農における重要な経済的病気である.
- エシェリキア・コライと 黄金球菌は 主要な乳腺炎の病原体である.
- 乳腺消毒剤は乳炎を予防するために使用されますが,抗菌剤耐性を引き起こす可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 乳腺炎を誘発する Staphylococcus aureus と Escherichia coli の常用乳房浸し消毒剤に対するインビトロ感受性を評価する.
- 継続的な消毒剤曝露が病原体の感受性の低下に寄与するかどうかを評価する.
主な方法:
- 病原体単離物 (S. aureus,E. coli) は,過酸化水素,塩化ナトリウム,クロルヘキシジンジルコネート,乳酸,四次アンモニアム,ヨウ素の6つの消毒剤に対して試験された.
- 各病原体に対する各消毒剤の最小抑制濃度 (MIC) を決定するために,スープの微細溶液を使用した.
- 隔離した年数に基づいて,時間経過における感受性の変化を分析した.
主要な成果:
- 大半のE. coliとS. aureus菌株は,フィールドでの使用よりも低い濃度でクロルヘキシジンジグルコナート,過酸化水素,ヨウ素,乳酸,四次アンモニアに敏感でした.
- E. coli (80. 77%) とS. aureus (34. 5%) の有意な割合は,推奨される塩化ナトリウム濃度に対する感受性が低下した.
- 近年の病原体分離は,古い分離と比較して,クロルヘキシジンジグルコナートを除くほとんどの検査された消毒剤に対する耐性が高まった.
結論:
- 乳牛飼育における乳首消毒剤への継続的な曝露は,感受性の低下したE. coliとS. aureusの株を選択します.
- 消毒剤,特に塩化ナトリウムに対する感受性の低下は,ますます懸念されています.
- この現象は,動物の健康と公衆衛生の両方に影響を及ぼし,乳腺炎の制御に重大な課題をもたらします.
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