食事 習慣 と 脳 の 老化: 熱意 が 証拠 に 勝る か
Sarah L Booth1, Laural K English2, Nicole A Reigh2,3
1Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA;
Annual review of nutrition
|August 21, 2025
まとめ
野菜や果実が多く,加工肉や砂糖が少ない健康的な食生活は 神経退行性疾患のリスクを軽減します. しかし 食事だけでは 認知機能の低下や 認知症を防ぐことはできません
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 栄養学
- ゲロントロジー
背景:
- 高齢者の増加により 脳の老化を 理解することが必要になります
- 食事の質は 認知の健康に影響を与える要因として 認識されています
- 以前のレビューでは,特定の食事パターンと神経変性疾患のリスクの減少との関連が示されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 食事パターンと脳老化の関係に関する証拠をまとめます
- 認知の保護に関連する重要な栄養成分を特定する.
- 年齢に伴う認知機能低下を緩和する 食事の可能性を調査する
主な方法:
- 食事と脳の老化に関する 世界的な研究を体系的に検討する
- 神経変性疾患のリスクに関連する食事パターンに関する分析
- 生物学的メカニズムの探索 (現時点では不明である).
主要な成果:
- 植物性食品,魚,健康的な脂肪を多く摂取する健康的な食生活は 神経退行性疾患のリスクを低下させる.
- 逆に 赤身肉や加工肉や 砂糖を添加した飲料を多く摂取すると リスクが高まります
- これらの認知的保護効果の正確な生物学的メカニズムは未確認のままです.
結論:
- 健康的な食生活は 老化に関連した神経退行性疾患のリスクを 低減する見込みを示しています
- 認知機能低下と認知症の臨床的に有意な予防には,食事による介入だけでは不十分かもしれません.
- 脳老化の複雑な性質に対処するには 多要素アプローチが必要である可能性が高い.
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