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Updated: Sep 10, 2025

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Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice
Published on: February 22, 2019
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百日咳 の 復活
1Department of Child (Pediatrics) and Adolescent Health, (Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Epidemiology and Public Health), University of the West Indies.
Current opinion in pediatrics
|August 22, 2025
まとめ
免疫回避性菌株とワクチン/マクロライドに対する潜在的な耐性菌株によって,高ワクチン接種率にもかかわらず,全世界でカツカツが急増しています. 予防には 監視を強化し 予防接種を最適化し 公衆衛生対策が必要です
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 感染症
- 免疫学
背景:
- 世界保健機関 (WHO) は,全世界のディフテリア・ペルツチス・テタヌス (DPT) ワクチン接種率の84%を報告しています.
- 百日咳は再発しており,原因要因と制御戦略の見直しが必要である.
研究 の 目的:
- 百日咳の再出現を 世界的に説明するために
- pertussis の発生に寄与する要因を特定する.
- 百日咳を抑えるための対策を概説する.
主な方法:
- 世界的な pertussis 疫学とワクチン接種のデータを見直す
- 免疫回避と抗菌剤耐性を含むボードテッラ・ペルタッシス菌株の特徴の分析
- COVID-19 パンデミックの影響や免疫力の低下などの pertussis の再発に潜在的に影響する要因の検討.
主要な成果:
- 米国と中国の高いDPT予防接種率 (94~97%) は, pertussisの有意な増加と相関しています (それぞれ6倍と65倍).
- 百日咳の流行は乳児から高齢者へと移行し,マクロリド耐性 (98%中国) が流行しています.
- ワクチンを回避するB. pertussis菌株 (パルタクチン欠乏変異体) と不調和の循環する菌株が特定され,無細胞および全細胞ワクチンの両方に影響を与える.
結論:
- 百日咳の再発は,ワクチンからの免疫脱出,抗菌剤耐性,免疫の低下,および潜在的なパンデミックの影響を含む多因性です.
- 効果的な予防には,公衆教育,強力な監視 (臨床的および微生物学的),適切な抗菌薬戦略,そして最適化された免疫プログラムが必要です.
- 公衆衛生の報告,感染制御,標的型予防接種は, pertussisに関連する罹病率と死亡率を減らすために不可欠です.
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