長期微生物分解の観点から,沿岸海における沈没したマクロ藻類の運命と炭素吸収の可能性
Hongmei Li1, Zenghu Zhang1, Jing Chen2
1Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
National science review
|August 22, 2025
まとめ
毎年沈む数百万トンのマクロ藻は 大量の炭素を吸収します この研究では 沈没したマクロ藻のバイオマスが 安定した有機と無機の炭素に 変換されていることが示されています
科学分野:
- 海洋生物学
- 海洋学
- 生地化学
背景:
- 大規模なマクロ藻類の自然沈没は沿岸海で起きており,緑の潮に伴い,毎年数百万トンのUlva proliferaが黄海に沈没しています.
- 沈没したマクロ藻の最終的な運命と炭素収縮の可能性は,微生物コミュニティの分解における重要な役割にもかかわらず,まだ十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 沈没したマクロ藻類の生物質の運命を調査し,シミュレートされた微生物の分解によって炭素を吸収する可能性を調査する.
- 沈没したマクロ藻類の炭素変換と貯蔵を駆動する微生物のメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- Ulva proliferaを用いた2年間の微生物分解シミュレーション実験
- 炭素を様々な形態に変換する分析 (溶解した無機二酸化炭素,反抗性有機炭素,廃棄物).
- 微生物のコミュニティとその機能的役割を特定するためのメタゲノミクス分析.
主要な成果:
- 沈没したマクロ藻類のバイオマスの約38%が最終的に吸収された.
- 留まった炭素の10%が溶けた無機バイカーボネートに変換され,アルカリ性と無機炭素貯蔵量が増加しました.
- 貯蔵された炭素の28%は,回復性のある溶解/微粒子の有機炭素と,安定した化合物で富んだ藻類の破片に変換されます.
- 微生物の炭素とアルカリ性ポンプによる r-ストラテジストから K-ストラテジストへの微生物の継承が これらの変容を促した.
結論:
- ウルヴァ・プロリフェラの大規模な沈没は 海洋の炭素を長期にわたって蓄積する大きな可能性を秘めています
- 沈没したマクロ藻は有機と無機の両方の形で安定した炭素プールに寄与します.
- 微生物のプロセスが 沈んだマクロ藻から炭素を吸収する 重要な要因です
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