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新興感染症に対する看護師の公衆衛生緊急対応能力の現状:横断的な研究

Qin Qiu1,2, Yuntong Liu1, Fanping Meng2,3

  • 1School of Nursing, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.

Frontiers in public health
|August 22, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

北京の高等病院の看護師は,認知能力と理論的な知識に重大なギャップがあり,新興感染症 (EID) への対応能力が適度であることを示しています. 救助経験と病院の分類は,彼らの緊急対応能力に影響を与える重要な要因でした.

キーワード:
現在の状況緊急対応能力新興感染症看護師公衆衛生

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科学分野:

  • 公衆衛生
  • 介護
  • 感染症 管理

背景:

  • 流行後の時代は,新興感染症 (EID) に対する医療従事者の準備を徹底的に評価する必要がある.
  • 医療従事者の現在の公衆衛生上の緊急対応能力を理解することは 国家の健康安全保障の強化に不可欠です
  • 北京の高等病院は,高度に熟練した看護スタッフを必要とする,EIDの管理のための重要なセンターとして機能します.

研究 の 目的:

  • EID に関する北京高等病院の看護師の現在の公衆衛生緊急対応能力を評価する.
  • 流行後の状況で看護師の緊急対応能力に関連する欠陥や影響要因を特定する.
  • 将来のEIDの発生に対する看護の準備を改善するためのデータに基づいた勧告を提供すること.

主な方法:

  • 北京の3つの高等病院で1484人の登録看護師を対象に検証されたアンケート (クロンバッハのα=0.982) を用いて調査を行った.
  • データ分析には,非パラメトリックテスト (Mann-Whitney U,Kruskal-Wallis) と複数の線形回帰を用いた.
  • この研究では 認知能力,理論的知識,処理能力,臨床技能など 様々な面での看護師の能力を評価した.

主要な成果:

  • 合計1446件の有効なアンケートが分析され,全体的な緊急対応能力のスコアが適度であったことが明らかになった (中位数=177).
  • 認知能力と理論的知識のスコアは最も低い.
  • 臨床的役割,病院の分類,救助経験は緊急対応能力と有意に関連しており,救助経験は重要な予測因子であった.

結論:

  • EIDに対する看護師の公衆衛生上の緊急対応能力は 適度だが,バランスがとれず 標的を絞った介入の必要性を強調している.
  • EIDの専門の看護師を育成する一方で,理論的知識と訓練の認知的側面を強化することが推奨されています.
  • 訓練の最適化,組織的なインセンティブの強化,リーダーシップモデリングの促進は,将来の公衆衛生上の緊急事態における看護師のパフォーマンスの改善に不可欠です.