低負荷および高負荷のスクワット運動に対する心臓循環および代謝反応
Alessandro L Colosio1, Massimo Teso2, Alberto Bottari3
1Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université Jean Monnet Saint-Etienne, 42023 Saint-Étienne, France.
Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology
|August 22, 2025
まとめ
レジスタンストレーニング (RT) は,若年および中年の成人の両方に安全であり,より低い負荷とより高い繰り返しにより,心臓血管のストレスを増加させることなく,よりよい時間効率と代謝上の利点を提供します.
科学分野:
- 運動 生理学
- スポーツ科学
- 老化に関する研究
背景:
- レジスタンストレーニング (RT) は生涯にわたって健康と機能を維持するために不可欠です.
- RTに対する生理学的反応の年齢関連の違いを理解することは,個別化された運動の処方箋に不可欠です.
- 現行のガイドラインでは,外部の負荷と繰り返しの違いが推奨されていますが,異なる年齢層に対する比較効果については,さらなる調査が必要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 中年および若年におけるレジスタンストレーニング (RT) の安全性と実行可能性を評価する.
- 低 (55% 1RM) と高 (80% 1RM) の外部負荷下でのスクワット運動に対する循環器および代謝反応を検査する.
- 異なるRTプロトコルにおける年齢層間の生理学的反応を比較する.
主な方法:
- RT訓練を受けた18人 (中年9人,若者9人) が参加した.
- スクワットの最大エアロビック容量と最大1回のリピート (1RM) を決定した.
- 生理学的反応 (心拍数,血圧,酸素吸収,血中乳酸,RPE) はRTプロトコルで測定された (55%の1RMで3x12,80%の1RMで5x5).
主要な成果:
- 心血管反応は,中年の患者では下痢血圧が高かったことを除いて,各年齢グループで同様であった.
- 代謝反応や知覚された運動量 (Rate of Perceived Exertion, RPE) に関する年齢層の有意な差異は認められなかった.
- 80% の 1RM プロトコルは,同様の心血管反応を誘発したが, 55% の 1RM プロトコルと比較して,より高い RPE とより低い代謝反応を誘発した.
結論:
- レジスタンストレーニングは 若い人にも 中年にも 安全で実行可能です
- 低負荷,高繰り返しのRT (55% 1RM) は,比較可能な心血管のストレスを伴う優れた時間効率,代謝活性化,および知覚された努力を提供します.
- これらの発見はRTの安全性を支持し,さまざまなニーズに合わせた効果的なトレーニングプロトコルを設計するための指針を提供します.
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