医療の分配における障害者差別の道徳的正当化:実験的評価
Andreas Albertsen1, Bjørn Gunnar Hallsson1, Lasse Nielsen2
1Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
まとめ
医療における費用対効果分析 (CEA) は,障害者を差別する可能性があります. 世論調査によると,医療の優先順位設定における障害に基づく差別は,理由に関係なく許容されないと考えられています.
科学分野:
- 健康 経済
- バイオエシック
- 公衆衛生政策
背景:
- 費用対効果分析 (CEA) は,医療の優先順位設定に広く使用されています.
- CEAが障害者に対する差別につながるかもしれないという懸念がある.
- 優先順位設定に関する倫理的議論は,特定の理由に基づく差別の許容性の違いを強調しています.
研究 の 目的:
- CEAに基づく医療の優先順位設定に関する公衆の認識を調査する.
- 差別が道徳的に許容されるかについて,異なる優先順位の正当化が世論に影響を与えているかどうかを調べる.
主な方法:
- イギリスで1100人の参加者を対象にヴィニエットベースの調査実験が行われました.
- 参加者は,CEAに基づく治療を拒否する道徳的許容性を,障害のある個人を含むシナリオで評価した.
- ヴィニエットは障害のない人を優先させるための5つの明確な理由を提示しました.
主要な成果:
- 障害のある患者に対する差別は,すべての試験条件において許容されないと考えられた.
- 差別を正当化する様々な理由の間では,道徳的許容性の有意な違いは見つかりませんでした.
- 公衆の直感は,CEAに基づく医療優先順位設定における差別を拒絶しているようです.
結論:
- CEAに基づく医療の優先順位設定における差別に対する公衆のコンセンサスを示唆しています.
- 公共の倫理的直感と倫理的文献内のいくつかの見解の間の潜在的な分岐を示しています.
- 脆弱な集団に対する医療資源の配分における倫理的考慮のニュアンスを探るため,さらなる研究が必要である.
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