1990年から2021年までの世界,地域,国家における膀がんの負担と傾向:世界疾病負担調査2021年
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PubMedで要約を見る
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。55歳以上の成人における膀がんの発生率と死亡率は,世界的に減少しており,予測では減少が継続すると示されています. しかし,地域格差は依然として存在し,高負荷地域に対する標的型介入が必要である.
科学分野
- 流行病学
- 公衆衛生
- 腫瘍学
背景
- 膀がん (BC) は,特に高齢者にとって重大な公衆衛生上の問題です.
- 平均寿命の伸びは 高齢者のBC負担を理解する必要性を強調しています
研究 の 目的
- 1990年から2021年までの55歳以上の人々における膀がん (発生率,死亡率,DALYs) の世界的な傾向を分析する.
- 主要なリスク要因を特定し,将来の膀がん負担を予測する.
- 膀がんと社会人口学的発展の関係を評価する.
主な方法
- 204か国・地域における世界疾病負担 (GBD) 2021年データセットを利用した.
- 死亡率の要因の傾向分析と分解分析のためのJoinpoint回帰を用いた.
- 統合された社会人口指数 (SDI) の境界分析とベイエスの年齢期-コホート (BAPC) のモデル化による予測.
- リスク因子分析のための統合国家健康栄養調査 (NHANES) のデータ
主要な成果
- 成人55歳以上における全世界のBC症例は113%増加 (1990年−2021年),年齢標準化された発生率,死亡率,およびDALYsは減少した.
- 男性は女性より3.8倍も多い.
- 主なリスク要因は喫煙 (26.6%) と高血糖 (8.2%) です.
- 2036年までに発生率 (-13.3%),死亡率 (-16.4%),およびDALY (-17.9%) が減少すると予測されています.
- 健康上の不平等は残っていますが わずかな改善が見られます
結論
- 高齢者の膀がんの負担 (発生率,死亡率,DALYs) は減少しており,さらなる減少が予測されています.
- 膀がんの負担は地域的に大きく違っている.
- 高負担地域における不平等に対処するには 適した公衆衛生戦略が不可欠です
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