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バスケットボール選手の自由投球による結果予測能力
Lea Elisabeth Junge-Bornholt1,2, Fabian Dominik Wachsmann3, Heiko Maurer1
1Neuromotor Behavior Laboratory, Department of Psychology and Sport Science, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
PloS one
|August 22, 2025
まとめ
経験豊富なバスケットボール選手は 内部モデルを使って 確率を超えて フリースローの成功を予測できます しかし ショットがうまくいったことを 予測する偏見を示し より速く 声を出して反応します
科学分野:
- スポーツ科学
- モーター コントロール
- 認知心理学
背景:
- 熟練したアスリートは 行動において 予測能力を発揮します
- スポーツにおける予測精度を高めるために 内部モデルが仮説化されています
研究 の 目的:
- 経験豊富なバスケットボール選手が 確率を超えて フリースローを口頭で予測できるかどうかを調査する
- 予測の正確性における専門知識と潜在的なバイアスの役割を検討する.
- 言語の特徴と予測プロセスの関係を調べる
主な方法:
- 19人の経験豊富なバスケットボール選手が 実験室で500回のフリートスを行いました
- ボールが放たれた2.5秒以内に,視覚的および音響的遮断で,結果 (ヒット/ミス) を口頭で予測した.
- 予測の精度,ヒットバイアス (信号検出理論),スピーチ特性 (遅延,振幅) を分析した.
主要な成果:
- バスケットボール選手は 確率レベルを超えたフリー・スローを 予想していました
- 前回の発見と一致するヒットバイアスが観察されました.
- ヒットはミスのより速く,より大きな幅度 (ボリューム) で表現された.
結論:
- バスケットボール選手のような 自然運動の専門家たちは 結果を予測するために 内部モデルを利用しているようです
- 成功するショット (ヒット) を予測する偏見は,彼らの予測に明らかです.
- この予測バイアスは,スピーチの特徴,特に遅延と振幅に反映されています.
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