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Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Spatial Multiobjective Optimization of Agricultural Conservation Practices using a SWAT Model and an Evolutionary Algorithm

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Published on: December 9, 2012

アイルランドの草原での窒素使用効率の向上のための窒素管理戦略の空間的精錬を伝えるシナリオベースのモデリングアプローチ

Sudipto Bhowmik¹, Rowan Fealy², David Wall³

¹ICARUS & Department of Geography, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland; Crops, Environment & Land Use Programme, Teagasc, Johnstown Castle, Co. Wexford, Ireland.

Journal of environmental management

|August 22, 2025

まとめ

アイルランドの窒素政策は,持続可能性のために地理的データが必要です. この研究では,DNDCモデルを使用して,草の収穫量と窒素の損失に影響を与える主要な土壌と気候要因を特定し,4R栄養管理を改善しました.

科学分野:

農業科学
環境科学
土壌科学

背景:

グリーンブック (GB) や第5次ナイトレート行動計画 (NAP) を含む現在のアイルランドの窒素 (N) 管理政策は,窒素の吸収と損失に影響を与える地理的要因を明示的に考慮していない.
農場での持続可能性と4R栄養管理 (4RNS) の目標との連携を妨げています.

研究の目的:

DNDCモデルを使用して,草の収穫量とN損失の地域 (1グループ) と地方 (2グループ) の変数を特定する.
GBとNAPの政策がアイルランドの草原の状況によって,収穫量とN損失に与える影響を評価する.

主な方法:

アイルランドの3つの草原地 (ジョンズタウン城の土と砂土,モアパークの砂土) のサイト固有のパラメータ化によるDNDCモデルを使用した.
信頼性の高いモデルの性能のために,文献から特定された最小の入力データを用いてシナリオ分析を行った.
GBとNAPの政策の下でのシミュレートされた窒素管理により,収穫量と窒素の損失経路 (NH3の揮発,N2Oの排出,NO3の浸出) への影響が評価される.

主要な成果:

NAP政策では,草の収穫量 (−4.98%から-15.62%) が低下したが,NH3の揮発性 (−29.40%から-30.35%),N2Oの排出 (−30.49%から-35.15%) およびNO3の浸出 (−55.51%から-61.38%) が減少した.
収穫量とN2O排出量の主要変数は,土壌の砂含量,散発密度 (BD),土壌の有機炭素 (SOC) でした.
年間降雨量と平均気温はNH3の揮発に決定的であり,NO3の浸出は土壌特性 (砂,粘土,pH) と気候変数に依存していた.

結論:

地理的要因 (土壌の種類,気候) をN管理政策に組み込むことは,アイルランドの草原の持続可能性を高めるために極めて重要です.
DNDCモデルは,Nの使用効率を最適化し,環境損失を最小限に抑えるための重要な変数を効果的に特定しました.
4RNSの目標を達成するために GBやNAPのような政策を精錬するには,サイト固有のデータとモデリングが不可欠です.

キーワード:

アンモニア DNDC 窒素の浸出窒素酸化物牧草地持続可能な農業

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