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関連する概念動画

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

996
The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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Regulated mRNA Transport02:22

Regulated mRNA Transport

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In eukaryotes, transcription and translation are compartmentalized; an mRNA is first synthesized in the nucleus and then selectively transported to the cytoplasm for protein synthesis. Before transport, a pre-mRNA undergoes several steps of post-transcriptional modifications including splicing, 5' capping, and the addition of a poly-adenine tail. Various proteins bind to the pre-mRNA during these modifications. The mRNA transport takes place with the help of multiple proteins playing...
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mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

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The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends01:35

Pre-mRNA Processing: Modification of pre-mRNA Ends

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In eukaryotic cells, transcripts made by RNA polymerase are modified and processed before exiting the nucleus. Unprocessed RNA is called precursor mRNA or pre-mRNA to distinguish it from mature mRNA.
Once about 20-40 ribonucleotides have been joined together by RNA polymerase, a group of enzymes adds a cap to the 5' end of the growing transcript. In this process, a 5' phosphate is replaced by modified guanosine that has a methyl group attached (7-methyl guanosine). This 5' cap helps...
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Author Spotlight: Exploring the Frontier of mRNA Research with Poly A Tail Analysis Techniques
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キネティック・ライラーは,mRNAポリ (A) 尾の長さを制御する.

Emilie Gabs1, Emil Aalto-Setälä1, Aada Välisaari1

  • 1Department of Life Technologies, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland.

Genes & development
|August 22, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

Nab2タンパク質二酸化は合成と競合することで,酵母におけるmRNAポリ (A) 尾の長さを制御する. この運動ルラーのメカニズムは 遺伝子の発現の調節に不可欠な 均一な尾の長さを保証します

キーワード:
CCCH亜鉛指タンパク質ナブ2RNA結合タンパク質ZC3H14 について分裂とポリアデニレーション複合体 (CPAC)キネティック・リールmRNAポリアデニレーションポリ・ア・バインディングタンパク質 (PABP)ポリー・テール

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Analysis of RNA Processing Reactions Using Cell Free Systems: 3' End Cleavage of Pre-mRNA Substrates in vitro
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科学分野:

  • 分子生物学
  • 生物化学
  • 酵母遺伝学

背景:

  • ポリ (A) 尾はmRNAの安定性と翻訳に不可欠である.
  • 分裂およびポリアデニレーション複合体 (CPAC) とポリア結合タンパク質 (PABPs) は,均一なポリア結合を合成するために協力する.
  • Nab2はSaccharomyces cerevisiaeにおける重要なPABPであり,mRNAのポリ (A) 尾の生殖を調節する.

研究 の 目的:

  • ナブ2によるポリー (A) 尾長制御の基礎となる分子メカニズムを解明する.
  • ポリアデニレーション終結におけるNab2二酸化の役割を調査する.
  • Nab2結合運動が成熟したポリー (A) 尾の長さにどのように影響するかを理解する.

主な方法:

  • ポリアデニレーション反応の in vitro 再構成
  • Nab2:poly(A) RNAリボ核タンパク質粒子の形成
  • Nab2二分化とRNA結合運動の分析

主要な成果:

  • Nab2二酸化はポリアデニレーションの終結に不可欠である.
  • Nab2ジメルは,25アデノシンより長いポリ (A) 尾に安定しており,早期終結を防ぐ.
  • 尾の長さは,CPAC延伸とNab2結合の運動競争によって決定される.
  • ナブ2濃度バッファの自己調節 RNA結合率の変動

結論:

  • 尾の長さの制御は"運動ルールの"メカニズムで動作します.
  • Nab2の濃度はRNAの長さを定量化し,均一なポリ・ア・テール形成を保証する.
  • このメカニズムは,Saccharomyces cerevisiaeにおける適切な遺伝子発現の調節を保証する.