マインド・ザ・ギャップ:高齢者の双極性障害における現在の認知機能と病前知能の不一致の影響
Laura Montejo1, Johanna Mariegaard Schandorff2, Jeff Zarp3
1Bipolar and Depressive Disorders Unit, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (FCRB-IDIBAPS), c. Villarroel, 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Departament de Medicina, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociencies (UBNeuro), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain.
Journal of affective disorders
|August 23, 2025
まとめ
双極性障害を持つ高齢者の認知機能の低下は 機能不全と関連しています 認知能力と期待される知能の間のギャップは,この低下をシグナルし,臨床的決定を助けます.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 精神科
- 心理学について
背景:
- 高齢のバイポラー障害 (OABD) の認知機能低下は,心理社会的機能に影響を及ぼします.
- 現在の認知能力と病前の知能指数 (IQ) の間の不一致は,標準テストで正常なパフォーマンスを示しても,低下を示す可能性があります.
研究 の 目的:
- 客観的な認知能力,IQ-認知の不一致,OABDにおける心理社会的機能の関係を調査する.
- 機能障害を予測できるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 神経認知評価,IQ評価 (WAIS- III語彙),および心理社会的機能 (FAST) は165人の参加者 (116人のOABD,49人の対照群) で実施された.
- IQ-認知の不一致のスコアが計算されました. 線形回帰と差別分析を使用して,関連性と予測能力を調べました.
主要な成果:
- 認知能力の低下は心理社会的機能の低下と有意に相関していた (β = -3.38,p = .002).
- また,より高いIQ-認知の不一致は,より悪い機能 (β = -0.92,p = .04) を予測した.
- 認知能力は,差異スコア (AUC = 0. 64) よりも機能障害に対するより強い関連性およびより良い予測能力を示した.
結論:
- IQと認知の不一致は,OABDにおける機能障害の潜在的マーカーであり,特に高度な前発症IQを持つ人の場合です.
- このマーカーは臨床的意思決定を助け,認知介入試験の候補者を特定することができます.
関連する概念動画
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
267
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
267
02:45Self-Discrepancy Theory
18.4K
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
18.4K
01:30Bipolar Disorder
142
Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
142
01:30Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia
123
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
123
01:27Language and Cognition
440
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
440
01:29Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia
185
Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...
185