スポーツにおける急速な体重減少の定義の再評価:変化の呼びかけ
Yuming Zhong1, Weiwei Tang1,2, Anthony Weldon3,4
1School of Athletic Performance, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition
|August 24, 2025
まとめ
競技前の減量 (WL) は戦闘スポーツで一般的ですが",急速な減量" (RWL) という用語には明確な定義がありません. この意見書では,現在のRWLの定義を批判し,よりよい分類のためにWLの割合と大きさに基づく新しい枠組みを提案しています.
科学分野:
- スポーツ科学
- 運動 生理学
- 人間の運動学
背景:
- 競技前の減量 (WL) は,体重に敏感なスポーツ,特に戦闘スポーツで一般的です.
- スポーツ選手は低体量 (BM) カテゴリーで競争するためにWLを使用します.
- "急速な減量"という用語は広く使われていますが,普遍的に受け入れられている定義はありません.
研究 の 目的:
- 現在のRWLの定義の欠陥と誤用を批判する.
- RWLを定義するための新しい理論的枠組みを提案する.
- RWLのより良い将来の定義のための基礎を確立する.
主な方法:
- アスリートにおける体重減少に関する既存の文献の検討
- RWLの7日間の共通の5%のBMの解析
- WL慣行のための新しい分類枠組みの提案.
主要な成果:
- RWLの一般的な定義 (7日間の5%のBM) は恣意的であり,経験的根拠がない.
- 現在の定義では,潜在的に不健康な急速な体重減少を特定できず,アスリートの慣行を誤って分類する可能性があります.
- 提案された枠組みでは,WLを速度 (遅い,中等,速い) と大きさ (低い,中等,高い) によって分類しています.
結論:
- RWLのより堅固で経験的に支持された定義が不可欠です.
- WLの割合と規模に基づいて提案された枠組みは,WLの慣行を分類するためのより微妙なアプローチを提供します.
- アスリートにおけるRWLの決定的な基準を確立するには,さらなる研究が必要です.
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