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Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction01:26

Transient Ischemic Attack l: Introduction

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A transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a brief episode of neurological dysfunction caused by a temporary, focal reduction in cerebral blood flow. Although symptoms resemble those of an ischemic stroke, the interruption in perfusion is short-lived and does not cause permanent infarction. TIAs are clinically important because they often serve as early warning events for future stroke.Mechanisms of Transient Cerebral IschemiaTransient cerebral ischemia may arise through several mechanisms. One...
34
Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
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Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction01:28

Traumatic Brain Injury l: Introduction

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DefinitionTraumatic brain injury, or TBI, is a disturbance of normal brain function induced by an external mechanical force, such as a direct blow to the head or a penetrating injury. It can affect both brain structure and function, producing a wide range of clinical outcomes. TBI is a heterogeneous condition, meaning its effects may differ based on the type, location, and severity of the injury.Basis of ClassificationTBI is classified based on severity, injury mechanism, or pathophysiology. In...
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Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology01:14

Spinal Cord Injury ll: Pathophysiology

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Spinal cord injury progresses through two interconnected phases: primary injury and secondary injury.Primary InjuryPrimary injury happens at the moment of trauma and involves immediate mechanical damage to the spinal cord.Compression happens when broken vertebrae, herniated discs, or accumulating blood (such as a hematoma) press directly against the spinal cord, distorting its normal shape and function. In cases of contusion, the cord is bruised by a blunt force (like penetrating injuries or...
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Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology01:25

Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

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Early Ischemia and Ionic ImbalanceWithin minutes of spinal cord injury, a secondary cascade begins, progressing over hours to weeks. Vascular damage reduces blood flow, causing ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction. ATP depletion leads to ion pump failure, membrane depolarization, sodium influx, potassium efflux, and water accumulation, resulting in cellular swelling. Increased intracellular calcium further disrupts mitochondria and accelerates cellular injury.Excitotoxicity and Neuronal...
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Updated: May 5, 2026

Advanced Diffusion Imaging in The Hippocampus of Rats with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Advanced Diffusion Imaging in The Hippocampus of Rats with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

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遅発性拡散性軸索損傷に関する症例報告

Sonu Adhikari1, Rupesh Raut1, Dinuj Shrestha1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Patan Academy of Health Science, Lalitpur, Nepal.

Annals of medicine and surgery (2012)
|August 25, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

この症例報告は,頭部外傷の後の若い男性における 遅延した拡散性軸索損傷 (DAI) の希少な事例を強調しています. DAIを診断する際の臨床的疑念の必要性を強調した.

キーワード:
症例報告発症が遅れる拡散した軸索損傷

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Advanced Diffusion Imaging in The Hippocampus of Rats with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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484

科学分野:

  • 神経科学
  • トラウマ性脳損傷の研究
  • 医療 症例 の 報告

背景:

  • 拡散性軸索損傷 (DAI) は,トラウマ性脳損傷 (TBI) の重篤な結果であり,通常,即時および長期の意識喪失を引き起こす.
  • DAIの分類は昏睡期間,怪我の重度,脳損傷の放射線学的または組織学的証拠に基づいています.

研究 の 目的:

  • 振動から落ちた後,発症が遅れた 拡散性軸索損傷 (DAI) を報告する.
  • DAIの異常なプレゼンテーションを臨床実務で考慮することの重要性を説明します.

主な方法:

  • 頭部外傷の20歳の男性に関する事例が紹介されています.
  • 臨床表現,グラスゴー昏睡スケール (GCS) の変動,およびグレード3のDAIを示唆するMRIの発見が記録された.
  • 患者の管理は,遅延した挿管後の保守的な治療を伴う.

主要な成果:

  • 3度目のDAIと一致するGCSスコアとMRIの変動を示した.
  • 患者さんは入院後50時間後に 昏睡状態になり 重度の神経症状が 遅れて発症しました
  • 静脈管注入後,保守的な治療を開始した.

結論:

  • DAIの遅延はまれですが,重大な障害,トラウマ後の昏睡,または持続的なベジタティブ状態につながる可能性があります.
  • 臨床的疑惑の高い指数は,DAIを診断するのに極めて重要です.特に,患者のプレゼンテーションは,最初のCTスキャンが示唆するよりも深刻です.
  • 非典型的なDAIのプレゼンテーションを認識することで,早期の診断と適切な患者の管理が容易になります.