党内 の 愛,党外 の 憎しみ,そして 12 の 確立 し た 民主主義 の 中 で の 感情 的 な 二極化
Diego Garzia1, Frederico Ferreira da Silva2
1Assistant Professor, Institute of Political Studies, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Public opinion quarterly
|August 25, 2025
まとめ
西洋の民主主義における感情的分極化は 党外評価の減少と 党外憎しみの増大を示しています 現代の二極化の原因は 対立する政党への嫌悪であり 必ずしも全体的な分裂が 増えているわけではないのです
科学分野:
- 政治科学
- 比較政治
- 世論調査
背景:
- 政治的分裂の重要な側面である感情の二極化が 世界的にますます研究されています
- 感情的分極化の重要な要素である党内と党外の影響の長期的傾向については,理解が限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 西洋の民主主義における感情的二極化の比較と縦断的な分析を拡大する.
- 1960年代以降の党内感情と党外敵意の進化を調査する.
- ポジティブとネガティブな党派感情の相対的な重さの変化を評価する.
主な方法:
- 1960年代から現在に至る 西洋の12か国における143の選挙のデータを 活用した調査結果です
- 党内と党外の影響のレベルを分析し,特に"党内愛"と"党外憎悪"を分析した.
- 党内の感情と党外感情のバランスを反映した 感情の極性における縦断的な変化を調査するために 複合的な測定法を用いた.
主要な成果:
- 研究期間中,外部団体に対する肯定的な評価の幅広く減少を観察した.
- 西洋の民主主義諸国では"党内愛"に比べて"党外の憎悪"が 増えていることを記録した.
- 全体的な偏向は普遍的に増加していないかもしれませんが,現代の感情的偏向は,グループ外の嫌悪感に強い重点を置いています.
結論:
- 西洋の民主主義における現代的な感情的分極化は,敵対する政党に対する否定的な感情によってますます特徴づけられています.
- この傾向は,自分の党への積極的な所属を強めることよりも,敵意によって導かれた二極化への移行を示しています.
- 縦断的なデータは,党派的な影響の性質の重要な進化を明らかにし,外部の嫌悪がより支配的な役割を果たしています.
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