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地球温暖化が長期的に土壌の微生物多様性を減少させる
Yuan Sun1, Han Y H Chen2,3, Xin Chen4
1Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils, Yancheng Teachers University, Yancheng 224002, China.
まとめ
地球温暖化により,土壌の微生物多様性と土壌有機炭素 (SOC) の収縮が著しく減少しています. 生態系の健康に不可欠な 微生物群の減少は 気候変動の影響を悪化させています
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 微生物学
- 気候科学
背景:
- 土壌の微生物多様性は 生態系の生産性と炭素の貯蔵を支えています
- 地球温暖化が土壌の微生物や 炭素を吸収する能力に与える影響は 十分に理解されていません
研究 の 目的:
- 気候変動が土壌の微生物多様性や土壌有機炭素 (SOC) に与える影響を調査する.
- 温暖化の規模,持続時間,窒素の利用可能性,微生物の反応の関係を定量化する.
主な方法:
- 102件の研究と251件のペア化された観察データを合成したグローバルメタ解析.
- 富とシャノン指数を用いた細菌と真菌の多様性の分析
- 温暖化条件下における土壌有機炭素 (SOC) 変化の評価
主要な成果:
- 温暖化により バクテリアとキノコの多様性はそれぞれ 16.0%と 19.7%減少しました
- 土壌の有機炭素 (SOC) は温暖化により平均18.1%減少した.
- ネガティブな影響は,より大きな温暖化,より長い実験期間,そしてより低い土壌窒素で強まった.
結論:
- 将来の温暖化シナリオでは,微生物の多様性とSOCの収束が著しく減少すると予測されています.
- 温暖化に起因する微生物多様性の減少は SOC の収束を減少させ,フィードバックループを生み出します.
- 土壌の健康と炭素の貯蔵を維持するために 緊急に気候変動の緩和が必要である.
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