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関連する概念動画

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

Analgesia and Pain Management

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine02:50

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Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
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Synthetic and semisynthetic opioids are pivotal in pain management and tackling opioid addiction. Semisynthetic opioids, including morphinans (morphine derivatives), oxycodone, oxymorphone, hydrocodone, and hydromorphone, have improved pharmacokinetic profiles compared to morphine. Additionally, heroin and 6-MAM (6-Monoacetylmorphine) show better CNS penetration than morphine due to heightened lipid solubility. Hydromorphone, a potent opioid, undergoes hepatic metabolism to form the active...
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Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
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Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
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Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
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痛みを和らげる新世代の精密薬

R Bhagar1, H Le-Niculescu1, S C Corey2

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA.

Molecular psychiatry
|August 25, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

新しい血液バイオマーカーは 精神病患者の慢性痛みの重さを客観的に評価できます 炎症と痛みに関連したトップマーカーである CD55とANXA1は リチウムやケタミンなどの パーソナライズされた治療法を示唆しています

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科学分野:

  • 神経科学 と 遺伝学
  • バイオマーカーの発見
  • 精神科の研究

背景:

  • 慢性的な痛みは 双方向的な関係で 一般的および精神的な健康に影響します
  • 痛みを客観的に評価するツールが不足しており 効果的な治療と予防を妨げています
  • 血液のバイオマーカーは 痛みの生物学の窓を開いて 診断と治療を助けます

研究 の 目的:

  • 痛みに対する血液遺伝子発現バイオマーカーを特定し,優先順位付けし,検証する.
  • 精神病患者のバイオマーカーを 超診断的に調べるため
  • 複数の独立したコホートとプラットフォームを使用して再現可能なバイオマーカーを確立する.

主な方法:

  • マイクロ配列とRNA配列解析を用いた2つの独立した研究を行った.
  • 生物学的および技術的な再現性のために複数の独立したコホート設計を採用した.
  • 2つの研究間のコンバージェントで再現可能なバイオマーカーに焦点を当てた.

主要な成果:

  • 高度な痛み状態と将来の救急診療所訪問を予測する新しい既知のバイオマーカーを特定しました.
  • 最も表情が低下したバイオマーカー (痛み抑制剤) はCD55; 最も増加したバイオマーカー (アルゲン) はANXA1でした.
  • 主な経路はTNFと神経炎症に対する細胞応答であり,TNFは上流のレギュラーである.

結論:

  • 精神病患者における慢性疼痛の評価における重要な血液バイオマーカーとしてCD55とANXA1を検証した.
  • リチウム,ケタミン,オメガ3脂肪酸,マグネシウムを含む 潜在的治療効果を特定した.
  • 客観的な評価と個別化された治療のマッチングを助けるために,パーソナライズされた患者報告の枠組みを開発しました.