中枢神経系 呼吸の制御 自然な会話 交代
Camilla Di Pasquasio1, Lila De Pellegrin1, Arthur Pineaud1
1Institut de Neurosciences de la Timone UMR 7289 Aix-Marseille Université - CNRS, 25 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille cedex 5, France.
Scientific reports
|August 25, 2025
まとめ
人間の会話には 精密な呼吸制御が必要です 脊髄後部,脳幹,小脳にある脳の領域は 社会的交流の際に 発話の予期呼吸を調整する.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 呼吸器の生理学
- スピーチ コミュニケーション
背景:
- 人間の社会的なやり取りは 発声と会話に大きく依存しています
- 発話には 呼吸と発話が 協調する必要があります
- 会話のターンテイキングは 話すために呼吸を予期する必要があります
研究 の 目的:
- ライブ・会話の際に 呼吸器が発声するのを 予測する脳の重要な領域を 特定するためです
- 発話のための呼吸の意志制御の基礎にある神経機構を調査する.
主な方法:
- 機能的磁気共鳴画像 (fMRI) を使って 無制限の会話を行いました
- 発話開始に関連した呼吸器の活動 (Resp+) と関連のない出来事 (Resp-) の脳活動が比較される.
- 発話開始前に約200ミリ秒で呼吸の最大値を示した行動データを分析した.
主要な成果:
- 発話開始の呼吸予測 (Resp+ イベント) の間,ポストセントラル・スルカス,脳幹,小脳で有意な双方向反応が確認された.
- これらの結果は統計的に有意であった (pFWE < 0. 05, k > 5 cm3).
- 自動呼吸リズムを上回る 呼吸の自発的な制御が示されています
結論:
- 後部,脳幹,小脳を含むネットワークは 意志による言語制御のための 自動呼吸を抑制します
- これらの構造は 社会的文脈でスピーチの生産に不可欠な 呼吸制御を制御するために相互作用します
- 人間のコミュニケーションと関連する障害の 神経的基礎についての新しい洞察を提供します.
さらに関連する動画
05:28Electrophysiology on Isolated Brainstem-spinal Cord Preparations from Newborn Rodents Allows Neural Respiratory Network Output Recording
Published on: November 19, 2015
8.7K
11:54Real-Time Proxy-Control of Re-Parameterized Peripheral Signals using a Close-Loop Interface
Published on: May 8, 2021
4.7K
関連する概念動画
01:22Physiology of Respiration II: Neurogenic Control of Respiration
868
The neurogenic control of respiration coordinates various neural networks and pathways to regulate breathing rate and depth, meeting the body's oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange requirements. This system adapts to physiological and environmental conditions, ensuring optimal breathing patterns.
Central Control
The brainstem is the primary site of central control, hosting respiratory centers:
Central Control
The brainstem is the primary site of central control, hosting respiratory centers:
868
01:18Neural Control of Respiration
2.9K
The neural regulation of respiration is a meticulously coordinated process primarily controlled by the respiratory centers located within the brainstem. These centers, composed of specialized neurons, transmit nerve impulses that control the contraction and relaxation of our respiratory muscles.
Respiratory Centers in the Brainstem
Two primary areas comprise the respiratory center: the medullary respiratory center in the medulla oblongata and the pontine respiratory group in the pons. The...
Respiratory Centers in the Brainstem
Two primary areas comprise the respiratory center: the medullary respiratory center in the medulla oblongata and the pontine respiratory group in the pons. The...
2.9K
01:23Physiological Control of Respiration
3.3K
Introduction
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
3.3K
01:17Other Factors Affecting Respiration Centers
968
Breathing is primarily an involuntary activity regulated by the brainstem respiratory centers. However, it can also be consciously controlled, allowing us to hold our breath or take deeper breaths when needed. This voluntary control is facilitated by the cerebral motor cortex, which bypasses the medullary centers to stimulate the respiratory muscles directly.
However, the ability to hold one's breath voluntarily is not limitless. When the CO2 concentration in the blood reaches a critical...
However, the ability to hold one's breath voluntarily is not limitless. When the CO2 concentration in the blood reaches a critical...
968
01:23Mechanism of Breathing II: Expiration
1.3K
The Physiology of Expiration: A Seamless Respiratory Process
Expiration, or exhaling, is a complex physiological process that begins as the inspiratory muscles begin to relax. This relaxation triggers a series of events that epitomize the efficiency of the respiratory system.
Mechanism of Expiration:
Expiration, or exhaling, is a complex physiological process that begins as the inspiratory muscles begin to relax. This relaxation triggers a series of events that epitomize the efficiency of the respiratory system.
Mechanism of Expiration:
1.3K
01:21Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla
2.2K
The medulla oblongata is a crucial part of the brainstem responsible for controlling various autonomic and involuntary functions. It contains several nuclei, including the olivary, cuneate, gracile, and solitary nuclei.
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
2.2K