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関連する概念動画

Next-generation Sequencing03:00

Next-generation Sequencing

92.6K
The first human genome sequencing project cost $2.7 billion and was declared complete in 2003, after 15 years of international cooperation and collaboration between several research teams and funding agencies. Today, with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies, the cost and time of sequencing a human genome have dropped over 100 fold.
Next-Generation Sequencing Methods
Although all next-generation methods use different technologies, they all share a set of standard features....
92.6K
DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

14.8K
DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
14.8K
DNA as a Genetic Template02:05

DNA as a Genetic Template

22.7K
Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
22.7K
Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

16.1K
Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
16.1K
Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

Translesion DNA Polymerases

10.1K
Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
TLS polymerases are found in all three domains of life - archaea, bacteria, and eukaryotes. Of the different classes of TLS polymerases, members of the Y family are fitted with specialized structures that...
10.1K
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

10.4K
RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while...
10.4K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Sep 10, 2025

Ultra-long Read Sequencing for Whole Genomic DNA Analysis
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Ultra-long Read Sequencing for Whole Genomic DNA Analysis

Published on: March 15, 2019

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TransDNA:DNAベースのデータストレージにおける配列再構築のためのディープ・トランスファー・ラーニング・ネットワーク

Yun Qin, Fei Zhu, Bo Xi

    IEEE transactions on computational biology and bioinformatics
    |August 26, 2025
    PubMed
    まとめ

    この研究では,シーケンス再構築の精度を向上させることでDNAデータ復元を改善する新しい深層転送学習ネットワークTransDNAを紹介しています. トランスDNAはDNA貯蔵システムにおける限られたトレーニングデータの課題を効果的に克服しています.

    科学分野:

    • バイオテクノロジー
    • コンピュータ科学
    • データの保存

    背景:

    • DNAデータストレージは高密度で耐久性がありますが,誤りによる正確な情報回復には課題があります.
    • 配列の再構築はDNAデータの解読に不可欠ですが,限られたトレーニングサンプルはディープラーニングのアプローチを妨げます.

    研究 の 目的:

    • DNA配列の再構築のための効果的なディープラーニング方法を開発し,稀なトレーニングデータの制限を克服します.
    • DNAデータ復元の正確性と効率性を向上させるために設計されたディープ・トランスファー・ラーニング・ネットワークを導入する.

    主な方法:

    • 提案されたTransDNAは,エンコーダー,ドメイン固有のデコーダー,およびドメイン不変の特徴抽出器を含む深層転送学習ネットワークである.
    • ドメイン並び替えとドメイン固有の再構築メカニズムを使用しています.
    • より大きなソースデータセットからの知識転送を利用し,実際のDNAストレージ実験からのより小さなターゲットデータセットでのパフォーマンスを向上させました.

    主要な成果:

    • TransDNAは,実際のDNA保存データセットでの配列再構築の成功率を大幅に改善しました.
    • 提案された方法は,移転学習と他の比較方法なしでベースモデルを上回った.

    さらに関連する動画

    Primer Extension Capture: Targeted Sequence Retrieval from Heavily Degraded DNA Sources
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    Last Updated: Sep 10, 2025

    Ultra-long Read Sequencing for Whole Genomic DNA Analysis
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    Ultra-long Read Sequencing for Whole Genomic DNA Analysis

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    Primer Extension Capture: Targeted Sequence Retrieval from Heavily Degraded DNA Sources
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  • トランスDNAは,再構築の成功率と訓練効率の両方でSDG方法と比較して優れたパフォーマンスを示しました.

    • 結論:

    • トランスDNAは,DNA配列再構築のタスクに 移転学習の最初の成功した応用です.
    • 開発された方法は,DNAストレージシステムにおける限られたトレーニングデータの課題に効果的に対処します.
    • トランスDNAは,DNAデータストレージにおける情報回復の信頼性を高めるための有望なソリューションを提供します.